英语中“主格”、“宾格”、“所有格”分别是什么意思?

2024-11-20 06:26:52
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

  1. 主格是指名词的语法的格。主格通常表示主格在拉丁语和古英语中都有。现在的英语中仍然存在于与宾格相反的主格代名词:I(宾格为me)、you(宾格为you)、we(宾格为us)、he(宾格为him)、she(宾格为her)it(宾格为it)以及they(宾格为them)。古英语的用法包括ye(宾格为you)以及单数第二人称代词thou(宾格为thee)。

  2. 宾格(accusative case;objective case;casus accusativus)表示一个动词直接宾语的名词或一个前置词的宾语。人称代词里的:主格放在句首做主语和表语,宾格放在句末或句中做动词和介词的宾语.打个比方,主人邀代词不能作表语,必须用名词,因此在这个句子中,代词做了一定的变形,也就是你现在要学的名词性物主代词。

  3. 形物代也是一样的,就是能当形容词用的代词请宾客,主格就像主人,宾格就像宾客。主格在动词前面,宾格在动词或介词后面。英语中的人称代词(Personal Pronouns)有主格、宾格和之分,如:I, me, my ; he, him, his ; they, them,their等。顾名思义,主格(The nominative case)用作主语,宾格(The objective case)用作宾语,所有格(The possessive case)则表示所有之物。在实际运用中,主格和宾格代词有时会混淆。

  1. 主格:I , you, he, she, it, we, they.

  2. 宾格:me, you, him, her, it, us, them.

  3. 所有格:mine, your, his, her, its, ours, theirs.

回答2:

人称代词里的:主格放在句首做主语和表语,宾格放在句末或句中做动词和介词的宾语.
打个比方,主人邀请宾客,主格就像主人,宾格就像宾客。
主格在动词前面,宾格在动词或介词后面。
英语中的人称代词(Personal
Pronouns)有主格、宾格和之分,
如:
I,
me,
my
;
he,
him,
his
;
they,
them,their等。
顾名思义,主格(The
nominative
case)用作主语,宾格(The
objective
case)用作宾语,所有格(The
possessive
case)则表示所有之物。
在实际运用中,主格和宾格代词有时会混淆。
下面是常见的问题:
⒈在复合结构里,人称代词的主格和宾格在单独使用时,没有问题,如很少人会犯下这样的错误:
*(1)Wilcox
spoke
to
I.
*(2)Her
knew
what
had
happened.
但在复合结构中,错误就难免了,如:
*(3)Wilcox
spoke
to
my
friend
and
I.
*(4)He
and
her
knew
what
had
happened.
*(5)This
is
between
you
and
he.
这种错误是可避免的。
第一,在有介词的复合结构中,特别要注意,第二个人称代词,必须用宾语,如:for
you
and
me和
between
Maria
and
him。
第二,试把复合结构中的另一部分暂时用括号围起来,那么该用的格就容易辨别了,如:
(6)This
message
is
for
(My
father
and)
I
or
me.
(7)(Marry
and)
he
or
him
went
downtown
together.
显然的,(5)里的代词是宾格的me,
(6)里的代词是主格的he。
⒉在比较结构里,连接词as或than后面,按理用主格式,但在口语中,人们常用宾格形式,学美式英语者,更是如此:
(8)a.
You
did
as
well
as
she.
b.
You
did
as
well
as
her.
(9)a.
I
am
older
than
he.
b.
I
am
older
than
him.
(a)和(b)两种说法,都可接受。但如果as和than后头分句的主语和词动都要完整出现的话,这时的人称代词,就必须是主格,如下:
(10)You
did
as
well
as
she
did.
(11)I
am
older
than
he
is
.
此外,还有一点要注意,就是as和than后面虽然在语法上用主格好,用宾格也可,但是有时意思会有所不同。
试比较(a)和(b):
(12)a.
Jason
praised
Maria
more
highly
than
I.
b.
Jason
praised
Maria
more
highly
than
me.
(12)a和b都被接受,但(12)a等于(13)a,而(12)b等于(13)B:
(13)a.
Jason
praised
Maria
more
highly
than
I
did
(=
I
praised
Maria).
b.
Jason
praised
Maria
more
highly
than
he
praised
me.
显然,这两句的深层意思大有差别。遇到这种情形,为了避免误解,不妨根据要表达的意思用完整的句式表达出来。换句话说,必要的话,要用(13)这句子。
不然,把(13)a变成(14),
(13)b变成(15)也可:
(14)I
did
not
praise
Maria
as
highly
as
Jason
did.
(15)Jason
did
not
praise
me
as
highly
as
he
praised
Maria.

回答3:

宾格和主格小歌曲I love you, you love me,We love them,They love US,You and me them and US,We are happy we are friends,Mike is nice I love him,Grace his king I love her, my friends I love them,My cute Rabbit,I love it,Ham and Her,And them and it,主格呢?他就是像一个主人一样,宾格呢,它就像一个嘉宾一样,主格他就是

回答4:

可以定成一张表让我抄吗?