推荐回答(5个)
胡德号(HMS Hood)战列巡洋舰
建造船厂:约翰·布朗船厂 (Clydebank)
开工日期:1916.5.31后停工,1916.9.1重新开工
下水日期:1918.8.22
完工日期:1920.3.5
这是英国建造的最后一艘战列巡洋舰,是英国皇家海军历史上第4艘以“胡德”(Hood)命名的军舰,属于海军上将级战列巡洋舰。该舰在战争紧急应对法案(Emergency War Programme)之下的1916年下令建造。尽管经过了日德兰海战的教训之后,英国人大量修改了设计方案,但英国人清楚由于舰种造成的限制是修改设计方案无法改变的。由于这个原因,胡德号的姊妹舰在1917年被停止建造随后取消,这导致胡德号为英国皇家海军建造完成的最后一艘战列巡洋舰。她的名字是由18世纪英国海军上将塞缪尔·胡德命名的。

胡德号是战列巡洋舰,但是与常规的战列巡洋舰还是有很大改进的
复仇级战列舰之后,英国海军探讨是建造伊丽莎白女王级战列舰那样的快速战列舰,还是更强的战列巡洋舰。传言德国开建马肯森级战列巡洋舰,该级舰将压倒所有英国战列巡洋舰,英国就要造更强的战列巡洋舰,即胡德级。
胡德号是在日德兰大海战之后开建的,所以吸取了战列巡洋舰脆弱的防御导致严重损失的教训,更改了设计,提高舷侧防护力成了最主要的部分,实际上胡德号的舷侧防护力已经达到战列舰的水准。
但是,随着战列舰主炮射程的增加,战列舰交火距离也在增加,炮弹在射程末端近乎垂直下落,这样子对于战舰水平防御力的要求就比舷侧防御力的要求更高了。
由于胡德号的设计源于日德兰大海战之前,仓促的设计修改并不能修正大部分结构性和整体性问题,而且对于日德兰大海战教训的评估也不完全,所以胡德号仍存有一些重大缺陷,尤其水平防御的问题。
本来胡德号有机会解决这些缺陷,但是胡德号作为大英帝国及皇家海军的威仪巡游四海,拿不出足够的时间进行现代化改造。二战爆发时,胡德号带着一身缺陷上了战场,结果被一发炮弹穿透薄弱的水平装甲终结了。
胡德号相对于普通的战列巡洋舰已经在舷侧防护上达到战列舰的水准了,如果水平防御也能按计划修正的话,应该勉强能达到快速战列舰的要求了,这个种舰种淘汰了战列巡洋舰,皮厚、炮粗、跑得快。
胡德号严格说来在伦敦海军协议之前是被归入战列巡洋舰的类别的,在五国的伦敦海军协议签订后,各国均将现代化后的战列巡洋舰这个称呼取消,归入高速战列舰范畴。随意说,在伦敦海军协议签订后,算是战列舰
胡德号是在一战时建造的,当时的设计就是战列巡洋舰,只不过在日德兰大海战之后,英国设计师汲取了战列巡洋舰防护不足,损失惨重的教训,增加了胡德号的装甲防护
在某种意义上,胡德号的装甲防护超越了部分老式战列舰,但他还是一艘战列巡洋舰
一战 后,各国经济大衰退,无力开展造舰竞赛,各海军强国在伦敦签订了限制军备协议
在这个协议上,大家同意在一定时间内不再新建新的战列舰,原有的老舰可以进行改装
大家纷纷动战列巡洋舰的主义,将其改为高速战列舰
日本的金刚级也是典型
胡德号严格说来在伦敦海军协议之前是被归入战列巡洋舰的类别的,在五国的伦敦海军协议签订后,各国均将现代化后的战列巡洋舰这个称呼取消,归入高速战列舰范畴。随意说,在伦敦海军协议签订后,算是战列舰
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