水利水电工程建设有哪些特点

2025-03-31 07:40:49
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

水利水电工程施工的特点
1、受水流影响较大。在河流上施工,为了顺利施工,必须适当控制水流。
2、受地形地质、水文、气象条件影响较大。水利水电工程施工大多在复杂的地形、地质条件下露天进行,春夏秋冬、降雨降雪、为避免气候干扰影响施工进度和质量,应采取相应保证措施。
3、质量安全问题突出。水利水电工程建设,一次性投资高,要求使用寿命时间长,关系挡水建筑物下游千百万人蓄财产的安全,劣质工程会对国民经济带来不可弥补的损失,因此,百年大计质量第一,绝不是一句口号。
4、 施工安全隐患多。水利水电工程施工往往需要爆破作业,地下作业,水上水下作业,高空作业,此类施工常常要平行或交叉进行,会对施工安全带来一定威胁,必须采取可靠的防范措施。
5、临时辅助设施多,施工前的准备工作量大重要性强。水利水电工程往往建在山谷地区,交通不便,施工前常需要建设施工现场内外的交通道路、为施工服务的辅助企业施工过程使用的办公和生活用房。这些工程以外的设施工作量往往较大,必须充分重视,使之既满足施工要求,又要努力减少工程投资。
6、施工组织复杂。枢纽中单项建筑物多,布置较集中,工程量大,工种多,施工常受地形条件限制,易发生干扰。因此现场施工的组织管理十分重要。要求施工中要运用系统工程学的原理因时因地选择最优的施工方案。
7、利益涉及部门多。要统筹兼顾全面规划,如防洪、发电、航运、灌溉、渔业,工业与城市用水等,要统一考虑,妥善安排,这就增加了施工的复杂性。

回答2:

水利水电工程施工特点(1)水利水电工程施工经常是在河流上进行,受地形、地质、水文、气象等自然条件的影响很大。施工导流、围堰填筑和基坑排水是施工进度的控制因素。(2)水利水电工程多处于交通不便的偏远山谷地区,远离后方基地,建筑材料的采购运...

回答3:

水利工程是对自然界的地表水和地下水进行控制、治理、调配、保护,开发利用,以达到除害兴利的目的而修建的工程。包括水库工程、排水灌溉工程、水土保持工程、防洪工程、跨流域调水工程和水力发电工程.是通过工程建设.控制或调整天然水在空间和时间的分布.防止或减少旱涝洪水灾害.合理开发和充分利用水利资源,为工农业生产和人民生活提供良好的环境和物质条件同一区域的各项水利工程既是有机整体.又相互制约.有着紧密的联系.具有很强的系统性和综合性;同时,水利工程特别是大型水库工程规模大,工作条件和技术条件复杂,施工工期较长,多数为3—5年。投资较大。在施工和运行过程中会受到地质、地貌、气象、水文、土壤、植被等自然条件复杂因素限制:另外,水利工程的兴建会对周边自然生态环境和社会环境产生较大影响.在发挥兴利除害有利作用的同时,又存在淹没占地、移民搬迁、植被破坏、土壤侵蚀、设施损毁等不利影响。因此。从区域发展的全局出发,统筹安排.采取相应的对策措施.把工程所产生的不稳定因素化解在项目实施前,使其达到社会效益、环境效益和经济效益的平衡尤为重要。

  由此可见.水利工程的规划设计.不仅是一门综合性很强的学科,而且还受到社会、经济、环境,甚至政治因素的综合制约。

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