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合金中固溶体和金属化合物的晶体结构有何不同

2025-03-16 00:04:47

推荐回答（1个）

回答1：

合金中固溶体类似于溶液, 各位置上的原子种类呈概率分布, 如Cu与Au熔融后淬火可形成置换固溶体, 其晶体结构为立方最密堆积, 但在各个位置上的原子是随机分布的, 即原子为Cu的概率为Cu原子占的百分比;

如果将Cu与Au熔融后缓慢降温, 就可以生成两种金属化合物, Cu3Au 和CuAu, 其结构是固定的, Cu3Au中Cu占据面心位置, Au占据顶点,

CuAu中, Cu占据顶点和底心, Au占据侧面面心

间隙固溶体的典型代表是钢, C原子添在Fe形成的空隙中, 所占空隙位置是随机的, 比例与含C量有关.

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