哪位英语高手帮忙翻译一篇文章,翻译成了,追加分,急~~
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Supply chain management (SCM) is a broadened management focus that considers the combined impact of all the companies involved in the production of goods and services, from suppliers to manufacturers to wholesalers to retailers to final consumers and beyond to disposal and recycling.
供应链管理是一个宽泛的管理聚焦,它需要考虑所有与产品生产和服务相关企业的组合冲击,从供应商到生产商、批发商和零售商,到最终顾客,还包括产品的处理和回收.
This approach to managing production and logistics networks assumes all companies involved in the process of delivering goods to consumers are part of a network, pipeline, or supply chain.
这种管理生产和物流系统的方法假设,所有与产品送达最终消费者过程相关的企业都是该系统、管道或者供应链的组成部分。
It encompasses everything required to satisfy customers and includes determining which products they will buy, how to produce them, and how to deliver them.
它围绕所有能满足消费者需求的事情,也包括决定消费者买什么产品、怎么生产该产品和怎么将产品销售出去。
The supply chain philosophy ensures that customers receive the right products at the right time at an acceptable price and at the desired location.
供应链原理旨在让消费者在正确的时间正确的地点以可接受的价格买到正确(自己所需)的产品。
Increasing competition, complexity, and geographical scope in the business world have led to this broadened scope and continuing improvements in the capabilities of the personal computer have made the optimization of supply chain performance possible.
现在商业世界竞争的激烈度和复杂性的增加使管理范畴扩大,也使得个人电脑的应用得到持续提升,这为供应链表现的最佳化提供了可能。
Electronic mail and the Internet have revolutionized communication and data exchange, facilitating the necessary flow of information between the companies in the supply chain.
电子邮件和互联网的应用彻底革新了交流与信息交换方式,这极大地促进了供应链内企业间的信息沟通。
Companies that practice supply chain management report significant cost and cycle time reductions. For example, Wal-Mart Stores Inc. announced increases in inventory turns, decreases in out-of-stock occurrences, and a replenishment cycle that has moved from weeks to days to hours.
使用供应链管理的企业发现自己的成本得到了有效控制,生产周期也相对缩短了。比如说,沃尔玛就表示,该公司的存货周围率得到明显提高,缺货现象减少了,而且补给周期也从几周缩短到几天甚至几个小时了。
A fundamental premise of supply chain management is to view the network of facilities, processes, and people that procure raw materials, transform them into products, and ultimately distribute them to the customer as an integrated chain, rather than a group of separate, but somewhat interrelated, tasks.
供应链管理的基本前提是把设备系统、生产过程和采购原材料、把原材料转换为制成品以及最后把制成品分送到消费者的人员看成一个整合链,而不是一组有联系但需独立完成的任务。(意思就是:把生产设备、生产过程和所有相关人员组合成一条整合链,而不是把它们看成有联系但是很分散的任务。)
The importance of this integration cannot be overstated because the links of the chain are the key to achieving the goal.
这种整合的重要性不可被高估,因为链条之间的连接是完成目标的关键。
Every company has a supply chain, but not every company manages their supply chain for strategic advantage.
每个公司都有一条供应链,但是并非每个公司都为了取得战略优势而去有效管理自己的供应链。
While easy to understand in theory, the chain management becomes more complex the larger the company and its range of products, and the more international the locations of its suppliers, customers, and distribution facilities.
这个理论容易理解,但是公司规模越大,产品跨度越广,供应商、顾客和分销工具的国际化程度越高,供应链管理就变得越复杂。
Supply chain management is also complex because companies may be part of several pipelines at the same time.
供应链管理很复杂也因为有些公司可能同时处在多条不同的供应链管道中。
A manufacturer of synthetic rubber, for example, can at the same time be part of the supply chains for tires, mechanical goods, industrial products, shoe materials and footwear, aircraft parts, and rubberized textiles.
例如,一家合成橡胶生产商可以同时是轮胎业供应链、机械产品链、工业产品链、鞋类原料链、飞机零部件生产链和橡胶化纺织品链的一部分。
有些地方的意思表达可能不太清楚,原谅!
供应链管理是基于避免被冲击而联合起来的公司一种扩大的管理方式,包含了产品的生产和服务,从供应商、生产厂,再到批发商、零售商、直至最终的消费者都属于这个循环系统,这些类似于生产管理和销售服务网络假定在同一个公司,发货给客户只是这个网络、渠道或者说是供应链的一个步骤。它围绕着使消费者满意的一切事情,和考虑他们的购买意向,生产工艺怎样,交付流程如何。供应链体系确保客户在正确的区域、用合理的价格、最快交货期采购到合适的产品。
随着世界贸易的竞争,复杂性及地理区域性的进一步扩展,使得使用个人电脑促使最优化供应链的进一步发展与扩大成为可能。电子邮件和网络使交流与数字交换产生了变革,推动着供应链中各个供应商信息的流动。
公司使用供应链管理系统意义在于CD(节约成本)和缩短交货周期。打个比方,沃尔玛就是这样,公布增加了库存量的详细目录,减少脱销情形,针对具体时间做出补给周期。
供应链管理系统的基础前提是工具、流程和原料供应商,将他们转化成产品,最终将他们配给客户而形成一个完全的链,比分别作业要好,但是带有一些强制性,供应链的作用不能被夸大,要达成目标供应链上的每个链接都是关键,每个公司都有供应链,但是不是每个公司管理起来都有战略上的优势。
在理论上是比较容易理解的,但是管理起来要复杂得多。公司和它的产品分类,它的供应商、客户和外发加工工厂的在全球各个位置;供应链管理体系的复杂还因为公司可能同时是很多渠道的构成部分,例如说合成橡胶的生产,可以同时作为轮胎的供应商,机制品,工业制品、制鞋原料和鞋类,航天器部件及涂橡胶的纺织品。
供应链管理( SCM )是一个从供应商到制造商再到批发商,零售商到最终消费者及以后的处置及循环再造的系统,它扩大了管理的重点,并考虑到合并后的影响,以及所有涉及的公司在生产过程中的商品和服务。通过这个管理方式管理生产和物流网络的所有的公司,这些公司参与这一进程提供货物予消费者,它是是网络,管道,或供应链的一部分。它包含了一切所需,以满足客户为目的,包括确定哪些产品顾客会购买,如何产生,以及如何提供给客户。供应链理念是确保客户在正确的时间内以一个可接受的价格得到正确的产品。
商业界日益激烈的竞争,复杂性和地理范围导致了这个范围的扩大性和持续改善个人电脑作出优化供应链绩效的可能性。电子邮件和互联网有频繁的通信和数据交换,应该在公司的供应链中促进它们的之间的信息交流。
供应链管理的报告显着公司通过此种方法使成本和周期不断减少。举例来说,沃尔玛公司宣布增加存货周转率,失控的股票出现跌幅,补给周期已经从几个星期缩短到几天或者几小时。
在一个基本的前提下,供应链管理是一个查看网络设施的过程,人们采购原材料并转变成产品,最终分配给客户作为一个综合链,而不是一组独立的任务,但是仍然有一些相互关联性。基于这一点,一体化的重要性怎么强调也不过分,因为实现其链条中的这一环节是关键所在。每家公司有一个供应链,但并不是每家公司的管理都有其供应链的战略优势。
同时也很容易理解,在理论上,较大的公司其链管理变得更加复杂,规模更大,因为它拥有更多的产品种类,国际位置,和供应商以及客户,配电设施。供应链管理也十分复杂,因为公司有可能会在同一时期不同的部分有不同的几个管道。例如,合成橡胶制造商可能在同一时期内同时供应轮胎,机械货物,工业产品,鞋用材料和鞋类,飞机零部件,纺织和橡胶。
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