用英文列出北京的名胜古迹

1、故宫

北京故宫是中国明清两代的皇家宫殿，旧称紫禁城，位于北京中轴线的中心，是中国古代宫廷建筑之精华。北京故宫以三大殿为中心，占地面积72万平方米，建筑面积约15万平方米，有大小宫殿七十多座，房屋九千余间。是世界上现存规模最大、保存最为完整的木质结构古建筑之一。

The Forbidden City in Beijing is the royal palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in China. It was formerly known as the Forbidden City. 

It is located in the center of Beijing's central axis and is the essence of ancient Chinese palace architecture. 

The Forbidden City in Beijing is centered on the three main halls. It covers an area of 720,000 square meters and has a construction area of about 150,000 square meters. 

There are more than 70 large and small palaces and more than 9,000 houses. It is one of the largest and most preserved ancient wooden structures in the world.

2、长城

长城，又称万里长城，是中国古代的军事防御工程，是一道高大、坚固而连绵不断的长垣，用以限隔敌骑的行动。长城不是一道单纯孤立的城墙，而是以城墙为主体，同大量的城、障、亭、标相结合的防御体系。

The Great Wall, also known as the Great Wall, is a military defense project in ancient China. 

It is a tall, sturdy and continuous long raft that is used to limit enemy riding. The Great Wall is not a purely isolated city wall, but a defense system that combines a city wall as the main body and a large number of cities, barriers, pavilions, and standards.

3、天坛

天坛，在北京市南部，东城区永定门内大街东侧。占地约273万平方米。天坛始建于明永乐十八年，清乾隆、光绪时曾重修改建。为明、清两代帝王祭祀皇天、祈五谷丰登之场所。

Temple of Heaven, in the south of Beijing, east of Yongdingmennei Street, Dongcheng District. 

Covers an area of about 2.73 million square meters. The Temple of Heaven was built in the 18th year of Ming Yongle. It was rebuilt in the Qing Emperor Qianlong and Guangxu. 

It is the place where the emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties worshipped the Emperor and prayed for the harvest of the grain.

4、明十三陵

明十三陵，世界文化遗产，全国重点文物保护单位，国家重点风景名胜区，国家AAAAA级旅游景区。

明十三陵坐落于北京市昌平区天寿山麓，自永乐七年五月始作长陵，到明朝最后一帝崇祯葬入思陵止，其间230多年，先后修建了十三座皇帝陵墓、七座妃子墓、一座太监墓。共埋葬了十三位皇帝、二十三位皇后、二位太子、三十余名妃嫔、两位太监。

Ming Tombs, world cultural heritage, national key cultural relics protection units, national key scenic spots, national AAAAA level tourist attractions.

The Ming Tombs are located in Tianshou Mountain, Changping District, Beijing.

From the beginning of Yongle in May of the 7th year of the Yongle, the last emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Chongzhen was buried in Siling.

In the meantime, more than 230 emperors’ tombs were built. Seven scorpions tomb, a tomb of the eunuch. 

A total of thirteen emperors, twenty-three empresses, two princes, more than 30 monks, and two eunuchs were buried.

5、颐和园

颐和园，中国清朝时期皇家园林，坐落在北京西郊，与圆明园毗邻。它是以昆明湖、万寿山为基址，以杭州西湖为蓝本，汲取江南园林的设计手法而建成的一座大型山水园林，也是保存最完整的一座皇家行宫御苑，被誉为“皇家园林博物馆”，也是国家重点旅游景点。

The Summer Palace, the royal garden of the Qing Dynasty in China, is located in the western suburbs of Beijing, adjacent to Yuanmingyuan. 

It is based on Kunming Lake and Wanshou Mountain, and is based on Hangzhou West Lake. 

It is a large-scale landscape garden built by the design method of Jiangnan Garden. It is also the most preserved royal palace, known as the “Royal Garden Museum”. It is also a national key tourist attraction.

参考资料来源：百度百科-北京

the palace museum 故宫