推荐回答(5个)
化学成份要求
1. 碳(C) 碳是影响钢材冷塑性变形的最主要元素。含碳量越高,钢的强度越高,而塑性越低。实践证明,含碳量每提高0.1%,其屈服强度σs约提高27.4Mpa;抗拉强度σb提高58.8~78.4Mpa;而伸长率δ则降低4.3%,断面收缩率ψ降低7.3%。由此可见,钢中含碳量对于钢材的冷塑性变形性能的影响是很大的。在生产实际中,冷镦,冷挤用钢的含碳量大于0.25%时,要求钢材在拉拔前要进行球化退火。对于变形程度为65%~80%的冷镦件,不经过中间退火而进行三次镦锻变形时,其含碳量不应超过0.4%。
2. 锰(Mn) 锰在钢的冶炼中与氧化铁作用(Mn+FeO→MnO+Fe),主要是为钢脱氧而加入。锰在钢中硫化铁作用(Mn+FeS→MnS+Fe),能减少硫对钢的有害作用。所形成的硫化锰,可改善钢的切削性能。锰使钢的抗拉强度σb和屈服强度σs有所提高,塑性有所降低,对于钢的冷塑性变形是不利的。但是锰对变形力的影响仅为碳的1/4左右。所以,除特殊要求外,碳钢的含锰量,不宜超过0.9%。
3. 硅(Si) 硅是钢在冶炼时脱氧剂的残余物。当钢中含硅量增加0.1%时,抗拉强度σb提高13.7Mpa。经验表明,含硅量超过0.17%且含碳量较高时,对钢材的塑性降低有很大的影响。在钢中适当增加硅的含量,对钢材的综合力学性能,特别是弹性极限有利,还可增加钢的耐蚀性。但是钢中含硅量超过0.15%时,使钢急剧形成非金属夹杂物。高硅钢即使退火,也不会软化,降低钢的冷塑性变形性能。因此,除了产品有高强度性能要求外,冷镦钢总是尽量要求减少硅的含量。
4. 硫(S) 硫是有害杂质。钢中的硫在冷镦时会使金属的结晶颗粒彼此分离引起裂纹,硫的存在还促使钢产生热脆和生锈,因此,含硫量应小于0.055%。优质钢应小于0.04%,由于硫、磷和锰的化合物能改善切削性能、冷镦螺母用钢的含硫量可放宽到0.08~0.12%,以有利于攻螺纹。但一般没有专为螺母顺利攻螺纹而冶炼的高硫钢材供应。
5. 磷(P) 磷的固容强化及加工硬化作用极强,在钢中偏析严重,增加了钢的冷脆性,使钢容易受酸的侵蚀,钢中的磷还会恶化冷塑性变形能力,在拉拔时会使线材断裂,冷镦时使产品开裂,钢中的磷含量应控制在0.045%以下。
6. 其它合金元素 碳钢中其它合金元素,如铬(Cr),钼(Mo),镍(Ni),等,都作为杂质存在,对钢的影响远不及碳那样大,含量也极其微小。
ML35 ML35属于冷镦钢成型用钢。 标准:GB/T 6478-1986
化学成份:碳 C :0.32~0.40(允许偏差:±0.01)硅 Si:≤0.20锰 Mn:0.30~0.60(允许偏差:±0.02)硫 S :≤0.035磷 P :≤0.035铬 Cr:允许残余含量≤0.020镍 Ni:允许残余含量≤0.020铜 Cu:允许残余含量≤0.020
力学性能: 抗拉强度 σb (MPa):≥530(54)屈服强度 σs (MPa):≥314(32)伸长率 δ5 (%):≥20断面收缩率 ψ (%):≥45硬度 :(热轧)≤187HB,压痕直径≥4.4mm
ML35Mn化学成分C 0.32-0.40 Si ≤0.25 Mn 0.50-0.80 P和S≯0.035
ML35CrMo C 0.32-0.40 Si ≤0.30 Mn0.40-0.70 Cr 0.80=1.10 Mo 0.15-0.25 P和S≯0.035
当然有了,GBT 5953.1-2009,GBT 5953.2-2009
如果是从事钢铁行业的,建议去书店或网上(AMAZONE)买一本类似书籍,那个更准确,但是在国内大部分钢厂也达不到那个标准,所以看了也不一定有用。
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