机器人是怎么控制运动平衡的?

2025-02-08 02:16:30
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

一种方法是采用动态平衡算法。


真实人体就是类似的,比如你可以单脚站立,你会发现每每身体倾斜的时候,你的小脑都会发出指令,控制你的身体做对应调整,包括上身、手臂等调整姿态(改变重心相对支点的位置);你的脚也会对应动态调整,一会儿前脚掌或脚趾用力(支点前移),一会儿脚跟用力(支点后移),一会儿脚左侧用力、一会儿右侧用力。


这就是小脑(计算机-运动控制程序)发现身体失去平衡,并且探知倾斜方向(传感器:力传感器、位置传感器、视觉传感器等),小脑发出指令调节身体动作(程序采用PID算法或其他算法,对应当前的偏差给出对应幅度的动作,通常也是调整重心和支点的位置,或临时采用某部位加速运动的反作用力)由于程序是不断扫描进行的,比如每1毫秒完成一个扫描周期,那么就每1毫秒判断一下当前的状态,更新一下对策动作幅度,实现动态平衡。

机器人(Robot)是自动执行工作的机器装置。它既可以接受人类指挥,又可以运行预先编排的程序,也可以根据以人工智能技术制定的原则纲领行动。它的任务是协助或取代人类工作的工作,例如生产业、建筑业,或是危险的工作。

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