推荐回答(4个)
在儿童预防接种证上,列有9种疫苗:卡介苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗、百白破三联疫苗、麻疹疫苗、腮腺炎疫苗、风疹疫苗、乙肝疫苗、乙脑疫苗、流脑疫苗。而接种证上没有列出的还有预防水痘、甲肝、肺炎、流感、出血热、狂犬病等疾病的疫苗。
国家规定纳入计划免疫、有统一免疫规程的疫苗只有5种,即卡介苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗、百白破三联疫苗、麻疹疫苗、乙肝疫苗。这5种疫苗儿童必须普遍接种,购置疫苗的经费由政府负担,个人只需交少量接种服务费。其他疫苗由地方卫生防疫机构根据疾病发生和流行的特点、规律,确定针对某一重点保护人群接种,或是向公众推荐,由人们自己选择接种或不接种,费用一般是自己承担。只有当某一地区出现疫情或发生大的自然灾害,为避免某些传染病暴发流行,才会有针对性地要求人群普遍接种某种疫苗。
预防传染病,最积极的办法还是讲卫生,多锻炼身体。有的疫苗虽然很好,但是如果给不是很需要的人打,即使个人有能力负担,也是卫生资源的浪费。也有专家指出,预防针不宜打得过多过滥。因为疫苗在生产过程中要使用某些人体细胞或动物蛋白,疫苗提纯过程中,难以完全去除这些蛋白,接种疫苗后,人体在产生对某种疾病抗体的同时,也会产生异体蛋白抗体,有可能造成过敏反应。
宝宝呱呱坠地,从此宝宝脱离了母体,再也受不到母亲体内的保护了,宝宝要坚强的面对这一个新的世界。即在左侧手臂上接种卡介苗。宝宝为什么需要打疫苗?打疫苗要注意什么?裕力健康认为有不少年轻的宝爸宝妈对为什么要打预防针似乎缺乏理解。
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其实,这是一个很重要的问题。我们知道初生的孩子抵抗力很弱,一旦受到外界某些细菌或病毒的侵袭就容易得病。无疑打预防针能增强机体的免疫力,以抵抗某些病菌的侵袭,从而起到保护宝宝的作用。
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打预防针为什么能预防传染病呢?原来,人体受到病原菌的入侵后,便会产生一种相对应的抗体来保护自己。急病痊愈这种抗体就会长时间地留在人体内,保护人体预防此类病菌的再次侵人。打预防针就是根据这个道理,采用人工的方法,将能使某些具有传染性的细菌、病毒杀死或用特殊的方法减低其毒性制成的疫苗,并将这种疫苗接种到人身上,人体内便会产生一种相应的抗体,以后假如再遇到此类病菌的入侵能发挥强大的歼敌作用。必须指出的是,一种预防针只能预防一种传染病针对性强。因此,孩子在不同的年龄阶段需要多次预防接种,作为父母应积极配合,高度重视。
麻疹疫苗 风疹疫苗、乙肝疫苗、乙脑疫苗、流脑疫苗 而接种证上没有列出的还有预防水痘、甲肝、肺炎、流感、出血热、狂犬病等疾病的疫苗。
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