贾诩为何被称三国第一“毒士”?

2025-03-01 02:40:15
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

贾诩是三国最好的谋士之一,但相比较三国其他谋士,他的口碑较差,诸葛亮和荀彧等谋士,一生都在为“兴复汉室”而努力,周瑜、郭嘉等谋士,也为自己的主公尽心尽力,付出了一切,但是贾诩却恰好相反,他跟过不少主公,但他却从来没有为主公鞠躬尽瘁过,他一生都在谋己,而且他为了自身利益最大化,为主公出了不少毒计,这害死了不少无辜百姓。
贾诩能力出众,但从未心怀天下,再加上他的计策奇毒无比,害死了不少无辜百姓,所以当时的士大夫阶层比较瞧不起贾诩。我们来看看,贾诩一生出过哪些毒计,为何会被称为“毒士”?

一、反攻长安计
董卓进入长安后,因为废少帝,杀何太后,淫乱后宫,残杀大臣百姓等,引起了天下人的痛恨,十八路诸侯联合讨伐他,但由于十八路诸侯各怀鬼胎,出工不出力,所以他们讨伐董卓失败了。
不过,忠于汉室的王允等大臣,并没有放弃,王允通过将养女献给董卓和吕布,通过美人计挑拨吕布和董卓的关系,让他们父子两人为了争夺美人而反目成仇,最终王允和吕布联手杀了董卓。
随后,王允掌握了大权,但王允不是个心胸宽阔之人,他开始清洗董卓旧部。董卓部将李傕、郭汜想解散军队逃回西凉,但他们遭贾诩劝说并率兵反攻长安,两人顺利的击败王允和吕布,占据了长安。随后两人为了给董卓报仇,在长安城内大肆杀戮,很多大臣、百姓都被他们杀害。

二、败兵取胜计
李傕、郭汜两人为争权夺利,开始内斗后,贾诩就转投到了张绣帐下。由于张绣的实力弱,难以自保,所以投降了曹操,但曹操却“霸占”了张绣的婶婶邹氏,这引发了张绣的不满,他率兵袭击了曹营,虽然曹操侥幸逃脱,但曹操的大将典韦、长子曹昂、侄子曹安民为保护曹操战死。
曹操回去后不久,再次征讨张绣,但恰好此时,他手下的张邈、陈宫等人背叛他,并投靠了吕布,“后院失火”后,曹操撤兵支援。看到曹军撤退后,张绣准备乘机追杀,贾诩不让,但张绣未听,结果大败而归,随后贾诩再次让他追杀曹军,张绣不懂,但他还是听从贾诩的建议,追击并击败了曹军。
贾诩对张绣解释说,曹军没有被我们击败,就撤军了,肯定后方出事了,但曹操为了避免我们乘机追杀,会留下精锐部队断后,这个时候我们追击,会遭遇他们的精锐部队,失败在所难免,而曹军击败我们后,知道我们不会再来了,就不防备了,这个时候我们再追击,可以出其不意,将其击败。

三、劝张归曹计
张绣因为杀了曹昂和典韦,和曹操结下了死仇,但是由于他的实力太弱,在曹操、袁绍这些大军阀面前,没有自保能力,所以张绣准备依附一人,而张绣因为和曹操有仇,于是打算依附袁绍。
贾诩认为,袁绍兵强马壮,实力占优,他们去归顺袁绍,只是锦上添花,袁绍并不会重视他们,而他们投降曹操,因为曹操正是用人之际,所以不但会既往不咎,反而还会格外厚待他们,所以他劝说张绣投降了曹操。曹操果然如贾诩所料,没有为难张绣,反而非常重视和厚待张绣。

四、反间计
马超联合韩遂反曹后,虽然曹操亲自率兵去攻打马超,但由于马超和他帐下的西凉军战斗能力太强,让曹操吃尽了苦头,曹操还说出了“马儿不死,吾将死无葬身之地”的话,马超是曹操的劲敌。
为了击败马超,贾诩为曹操献上了反间计,他让曹操挑拨马超和韩遂两人的关系。曹操在阵前故意低声和韩遂说一些无关痛痒的话,给韩遂寄去涂抹后的信件等,这让马超对韩遂起了疑心,最终导致两人反目,随后两人皆被曹操击败,除掉了马超和韩遂这2个心腹之患,稳定了北方。

五、暗助曹丕计
曹操有几个非常优秀的儿子,如曹昂、曹丕、曹植、曹彰、曹冲等,但由于曹冲、曹昂死着较早,而曹彰的志向是当个大将军,所以主要剩下了曹丕和曹植两人争夺世子之位,这两人的能力相差不大,而且曹植的才华还要优于曹丕,所以让曹操很为难,不知道该让谁接替自己。
曹操找来贾诩询问此事,参与世子之争是一件危险事,但贾诩又不能不说,所以他对曹操说,我想起了你的老朋友袁绍和刘表。这两人都是选择了小儿子做继承人,但导致了兄弟内斗,相继被曹操所灭。贾诩虽然没有正面回答这个问题,但他却点醒了曹操,最终曹操选择了曹丕做世子。

回答2:

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