威风锣鼓起源于那个地方啊 要详细的

如题
2025-02-25 12:49:03
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

临汾是华夏文明的重要发祥地之一,被世人赞颂的尧帝便建都于此,汹涌的黄河水从这里咆哮而过,巍巍太行、吕梁山孕育着这块人杰地灵的尧乡大地,“威风锣鼓”便是在这里萌发里来的一颗璀璨的明珠。他是黄河文化最具特色的一种文化形式,距今已经具有四千多年的历史渊源。几千年来能够生生不息、代代相传,说明他具有着独特的魅力与之坚强的生命力。
据史料记载,鼓的形成是在新时期时代。原始人类为了生存,用木棒相击发出声响来吓退来袭的野兽。后来发展到使用木棒击打朽空的树干,从而发出更为响亮的声音来驱赶野兽。再后来一些聪明的原始人把食用猎物剩余的兽皮蒙在中空的树干上,再有木棒敲击发出更大的声响,使之声音传的更远。从此野兽远离了人类,他们的生存有了更大的安全保障。就这样通过慢慢的发展,鼓的早期雏形便慢慢的显现了出来。因此,鼓与人类的发展进化密切相关。
随着人类的进化和阶级社会的出现,鼓首先被用于战争,成为两军对垒中不可缺少的战器之一。那时候的鼓大而重,类似于我们的现在的瓮鼓。有时随着阵地的向前推移,人们把鼓或抬,或置于战车之上。于是便有了“擂鼓助威”“一鼓作气”“击鼓而进,鸣金收兵”的说法。在奴隶社会与封建社会的时候,统治者为了巩固政权大修神台与庙宇,并在其显要位置摆放大鼓数面,一人或多人敲击来显示统治者的威风与气派。同时鼓又被置于各级衙门之外,以显示一种统治者的威严,因此留有“击鼓升堂”“击鼓鸣冤”的说法。历史发展到中古隋唐时期,鼓从单一的战争和祭祀用途作用中解脱出来,慢慢形成了一门艺术。
到盛唐时期,特别是在“贞观之治”时代,统治阶级为了显示太平盛世、歌舞升平,则把鼓配以形状不等发音不同的锣及筛锣组合起来演奏。后来僧道音乐的兴起又引进配有铙钹等金属乐器穿插演奏,逐渐发展并形成一门独特的锣鼓艺术,成为了人们喜庆之事的必备表演手段,鼓从此走入百姓的生活之中,不再是垄断和专用的器物。
明清时期是锣鼓艺术发展的鼎盛时期,随着活动形式的不同,产生了 许多锣鼓曲牌,如反映历史故事的曲牌“小秦王乱点兵”“四马投唐”“五马破曹”;以数字命名的曲牌“五点子”“七点子”“八牌子”“九槌子”“七叉子”等;以展现大自然的曲牌“风搅雪” “急旋风”等;展现动物形态的曲牌:“老虎磨牙”“鹞子翻身”“前老鸭子”“后老鸭子”“老虎下山”“狗咬阵”等;同时根据地域文化也分离出了一些不同的流派很有特色的曲牌。在清末民初时期,伴随着历史的巨变,演奏形式逐渐固定,各地的演奏也渐渐自成一格。
整个的民国时期,锣鼓的表演形式变化不大,之事服饰上有所改变,身着灯绿裤,圆口鞋,三台炮背心,白衬衣,红腰带,头扎蓝眉白毛巾。表演队伍阵容也很小,一般为两队钹,两队铙,两年鼓,一组小筛锣,八面鼓,两门三眼炮,一面帅旗,两面三角狼牙旗,由20人组成,俗称八面威风(一般用锣的数字俗称)
一直延续到上世纪八十年代末就是年代初,临汾市文化部门组织第一代锣鼓专业人士在民间进行搜集、挖掘、整理,首先进行大胆的扩大演出队伍阵容,使之达到百人以上。他们创编新曲牌,增加新动作,列阵摆队形,在表演上大胆改革创新,改变了威风锣鼓“敲不动,动不敲”的静态形式。最具代表性的是:1988年中国农运会的开幕式表演,1989年国庆四十周年,天安门广场的表演,1990年参加北京第十一届亚运会的表演,从此威风锣鼓威震海内外,享誉全球。

回答2:

济南七贤中学

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