MFC编程ellipse()怎么画圆

2025-04-06 02:23:50
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

所谓的动态画线,画矩形,画椭圆的本质就是在于消隐问题的解决以及对Windows消息循环机制的理解,消隐问题:因为MFC中有一个函数SetROP2,通过将该函数的参数设置为R2—NOT(当前绘制的像素值设为屏幕像素值的反色,这里面的“屏幕”二字是指你所绘制的图形所占据的那一部分屏幕区域,即直线所占的屏幕区域就是直线所在的那一段线的区域),利用这一点通过在同一区域重复画两次便可以将该区域的形状消隐。

而Windows消息循环机制更好的体现于MouseMove消息响应中,因为要实现动态画线、画矩形这就体现在鼠标在绘图区的移动上,鼠标在绘图区移动时,产生动态的效果,也就是说在mouse 移动的过程中始终在画线、画矩形,这就要求在MouseMove消息响应中有画线、画矩形的相应函数的调用,但正是因为mouse移动的过程中画了很多的线、矩形,所以我们就要在mouse移动的过程中将之前画出的线、矩形消隐掉,才能保证实现了自己所要实现的功能——动态画线、画矩形,但又没有产生多余的线和矩形。
消隐的问题和动态画图的问题关键在于MouseMove消息响应中的函数调用的顺序:
1.首先将上次所画的图形消隐掉
2.画出临时的图形
3.消息循环的机制:循环执行上述代码(这是Windows循环的机制,不需要自己代码实现)

在最后的LButtonUp消息响应中,需要将上面的MouseMove消息响应中循环的最后一次中最后所画的临时图形消隐掉,之后根据LButtonUp消息响应中point参数画出最终的图形。综上可知:MouseMove中的代码和LButtonUp中消隐临时图形的代码所要实现的功能就是动态这一过程,而图形的最终绘制还在与LButtonUp消息响应及其point参数。
代码如下:
[cpp] view plaincopy
private:
[cpp] view plaincopy
//......
HCURSOR m_HCross;
UINT m_drawType;
CPoint m_OldPoint;
CPoint m_startPoint;
BOOL m_startRect;
[cpp] view plaincopy
CGISView::CGISView()
{
// TODO: add construction code here
//....
m_startRect=FALSE;
m_startPoint=0;
m_OldPoint=0;
m_drawType=0;
//初始化m_HCross为十字光标
m_HCross=AfxGetApp()->LoadStandardCursor(IDC_CROSS);

}
[cpp] view plaincopy
void CGISView::OnLButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)
{
// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
m_startRect=TRUE; //鼠标左键单击,设置可以开始绘制矩形框
m_startPoint=point; //记录起始点
m_OldPoint=point;//设置老点也为起始点
//设置光标为十字光标
::SetCursor(m_HCross);

CView::OnLButtonDown(nFlags, point);
}
[cpp] view plaincopy
void CGISView::OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)
{
// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default

CClientDC dc(this); //获取设备句柄
dc.SetROP2(R2_NOT);//此为关键
dc.SetROP2(R2_NOT);//所绘制的图形并没有消失,所以可以验证下面的连续两次颜色取反不是在一次相应中完成
//SetRop2 Specifies the new drawing mode.(MSDN)
//R2_NOT Pixel is the inverse of the screen color.(MSDN)
//即:该函数用来定义绘制的颜色,而该参数则将颜色设置为原屏幕颜色的反色
//这样,如果连续绘制两次的话,就可以恢复原来屏幕的颜色了(如下)
//但是,这里的连续两次绘制却不是在一次消息响应中完成的
//而是在第一次拖动响应的绘制可以显示(也就是看到的),第二次拖动绘制实现擦出(也就看不到了)

dc.SelectStockObject(NULL_BRUSH);//不使用画刷
if(TRUE==m_startRect) //根据是否有单击判断是否可以画矩形
{
switch(m_drawType)
{
case 1://Rectangle

::SetCursor(m_HCross);
dc.Rectangle(CRect(m_startPoint,m_OldPoint));
dc.Rectangle(CRect(m_startPoint,point));
m_OldPoint=point;

break;

case 2: //Line
::SetCursor(m_HCross);
//擦去上一次绘制的临时线
dc.MoveTo(m_startPoint);
dc.LineTo(m_OldPoint);

//绘制这一次的临时线
dc.MoveTo(m_startPoint);
dc.LineTo(point);

//将临时线的终点复制给m_OldPoint,
//使其在消息循环的过程中将该值传递到
//擦去上一次画线的过程中,以便擦去上一次所画的线
m_OldPoint=point;

break;
case 3: //Circle
::SetCursor(m_HCross);
//擦去上一次绘制的临时圆
//设定该圆的y坐标,因为要保证两点的x之差等于y之差
m_OldPoint.y=m_OldPoint.x-m_startPoint.x+m_startPoint.y;
dc.Ellipse(CRect(m_startPoint,m_OldPoint));

//绘制临时圆

point.y=point.x-m_startPoint.x+m_startPoint.y;
dc.Ellipse(CRect(m_startPoint,point));

m_OldPoint=point;
break;
case 4: //Ellipse
::SetCursor(m_HCross);

dc.Ellipse(CRect(m_startPoint,m_OldPoint));
dc.Ellipse(CRect(m_startPoint,point));
m_OldPoint=point;
break;
case 5: //Dot

break;

}
[cpp] view plaincopy
}
[cpp] view plaincopy
}
[cpp] view plaincopy
void CGISView::OnLButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)
{
// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
m_startRect=FALSE;//重置绘制矩形框标志
::ClipCursor(NULL);//解锁光标,即将光标恢复为默认光标
//消隐最后的一个矩形
CClientDC dc(this);//获取设备句柄
// dc.SetROP2(R2_NOT); //在MouseMove消息响应中使用过该函数了,所以在这里再一次使用会使得其恢复为屏幕的颜色
dc.SelectStockObject(NULL_BRUSH); //设置画刷为空画刷
switch(m_drawType)
{
case 1: //Retangle

//利用当前画刷绘制矩形,内部由当前空画刷(NULL_BRUSH)填充。
//擦去MouseMove消息响应中的临时矩形
dc.Rectangle(CRect(m_startPoint,m_OldPoint));
//绘制固定矩形
dc.Rectangle(CRect(m_startPoint,point));

//m_drawType=0; //该行的可以使得每画一次都要选择所画的形状
break;

case 2: //Line

//擦去MouseMove消息响应中绘制的最后一次临时线
dc.MoveTo(m_startPoint);
dc.LineTo(m_OldPoint);

//绘制固定线
dc.MoveTo(m_startPoint);
dc.LineTo(point);
break;
case 3: //Circle

dc.Ellipse(CRect(m_startPoint,m_OldPoint));
dc.Ellipse(CRect(m_startPoint,point));
break;
case 4: //Ellipse

dc.Ellipse(CRect(m_startPoint,m_OldPoint));
dc.Ellipse(CRect(m_startPoint,point));
break;
case 5: //Dot
dc.SetPixel(point,RGB(0,0,0));
break;

}
CView::OnLButtonUp(nFlags, point);
}
[cpp] view plaincopy
void CGISView::OnRectangle()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
m_drawType=1;//设置所画的为矩形

}

void CGISView::OnLine()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
m_drawType=2;
}

void CGISView::OnEllipse()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
m_drawType=4;
}

void CGISView::OnDot()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
m_drawType=5;

}

void CGISView::OnCircle()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
m_drawType=3;
}

以上为自己根据实际编程练习和对博文的学习所领悟到的,如果有哪里理解的不对,还望大家指正,谢谢哈!(代码没有问题,可以正常运行。)
注:代码的排版,我多次修改,并确保整齐,但是一旦我发表后,代码的排版就会发生改变,有几行代码就会变得不规则。

回答2:

CDC::Ellipse
BOOL Ellipse( int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2 );

BOOL Ellipse( LPCRECT lpRect );

Return Value

Nonzero if the function is successful; otherwise 0.

Parameters

x1

Specifies the logical x-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the ellipse’s bounding rectangle.

y1

Specifies the logical y-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the ellipse’s bounding rectangle.

x2

Specifies the logical x-coordinate of the lower-right corner of the ellipse’s bounding rectangle.

y2

Specifies the logical y-coordinate of the lower-right corner of the ellipse’s bounding rectangle.

lpRect

Specifies the ellipse’s bounding rectangle. You can also pass a CRect object for this

所以,直接使用pDC->Ellipse(x1,y1,x2,y2)就可以了。
前两个参数为左上角的坐标
后两个参数为右下角的坐标

回答3:

BOOL Ellipse(
int x1,
int y1,
int x2,
int y2
);
BOOL Ellipse(
LPCRECT lpRect
);
一般在OnDraw函数中有一个参数pDC,使用这个参数,pDC->Ellopse(x1,y1,x2,y2)就行了。

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