化学中收集气体使用排水法的过程

2025-03-16 05:40:17
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

回答2:

操作步骤
1.以收集人呼出气体为例:1、将集气瓶(或试管)装满水并倒扣于水槽中,用弯曲的玻璃导管的一段伸进水下的瓶口(试管口),另一端在水上并向瓶里吹气直至瓶(管)中几乎全部充满了气体为止(注:当收集气体到一部分时,要用手压住集气瓶,防止因为水的浮力而使集气瓶上浮而漏气)。
2、收集完后,观察到有连续的气泡从瓶(管)口冒出,表明收集满了
3、
如果是用集气瓶:
用玻璃片从集气瓶口的一段缓缓滑过并盖住瓶口后将集气瓶反转过来拿出水槽。
4、如果是用试管:用拇指堵住试管口,取出试管
2.以收集普通空气为例:将集气瓶灌满水后迅速连贯地全部倒出并马上用玻璃片盖住瓶口。这样就收集了一瓶空气。
优点和缺点
排水集气法是实验室收集气体的一种常规方法,它相对于排空气法收集气体有纯度高、收集充分、不用验满、浪费少、污染小等优点。但是,该法也存在可收集的气体有限(不能收集可溶于水的气体),气体含水量大,操作不便等缺点。
例:二氧化碳可以与水反应生成碳酸,而且二氧化碳也是溶于水的一种气体,所以不能用排水法收集。

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