推荐回答(1个)
秋葵疯长的话要打尖。
种植方法介绍:
1、整地施肥
准备种植黄秋葵的地块,在前茬收获后,要及时进行秋冬深耕,深耕30厘米,以加深熟土层,进一步疏松土壤,增强土壤蓄水保肥能力。种植前把土地整得细、平、松、软,上虚下实。黄秋葵需肥较多,每亩撒施腐熟厩肥5000公斤、复合肥20公斤,在整地前铺撒于地面,然后深翻入土,细耙拌匀,使土肥混合,然后开沟做畦。忌连作,也不宜选果菜类蔬菜作前茬。
2、适期播种
多采用直播法,也可育苗移栽。一般5月中旬播种,6月中旬定植,8月大量采收。
3、精细播种
黄秋葵种子种皮坚硬,播前应浸种12小时后置于25℃条件下催芽,待60%~70%的种子“破嘴”时播种。播种以点播为宜,畦宽85厘米,畦沟宽30厘米,每畦种1行,穴距30~35厘米,每穴播2~4粒,穴深2~3厘米。先浇水,后播种,再覆土厚2厘米左右。多采用营养钵和穴盘育苗,每穴播2粒种子,2~3片真叶时定苗。
4、间苗中耕
黄秋葵出苗后要及时间苗,2~3片真叶时,除去病、弱、小苗,每穴留2株。幼苗出土后,要及时中耕除草,每10天左右进行1次。第一朵花开放前应加强中耕,适当蹲苗,促进根系发育。开花结果后,植株生长加快,每次追肥、浇水后均应中耕。封垄前中耕培土,防止植株倒伏。7~8月份进入高温雨季,杂草滋生很快,应及时拔草,防止出现草荒。
5、肥水管护
黄秋葵较耐旱、耐湿,在生长期间要求较高的空气和土壤湿度,尤其是开花结果期需要充足的水分。黄秋葵生长采收期长,整个生育期约100天。在施足基肥的基础上适当追肥,第一次追肥在出苗后进行,每亩施尿素6~7公斤;第二次施提苗肥,在定苗后开沟施复合肥15~20公斤;开花结果期施1次重肥,施复合肥25~30公斤。进入采果期后,根据长势,酌情多次少施追肥,防止倒伏或早衰。夏季正值黄秋葵收获盛期,需水量大,地表温度高,应在早上9点以前或下午日落后进行浇水,避免高温下浇水伤根。雨季注意排水,防止死苗。
6、设架摘叶
夏季要设支架防倒伏,可用长1米的竹竿或树枝插在植株根旁,支撑植株。在生长前期要防止营养生长过旺造成徒长,中后期对已采收嫩果以下的各节老叶及时摘除,既能改善通风透光条件,减少养分消耗,又可减少病虫害的发生。留作种果的应及时摘心,可促使种果老熟,以利籽粒饱满,提高种子质量。
7、防治病虫
黄秋葵病害较少,虫害较多。主要有蚜虫、蓟马、病毒病等,每亩可用10%福瑞松粒剂1000~1500毫克,于定植沟施基肥时条施。以后生育期如有虫害发生可用50%辛硫磷乳油、阿维菌素、螨立绝、灭扫利等喷雾防治,每隔5~7天喷1次。
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