洋务运动的指导思想是师夷长技以制夷还是中体西用?

2025-03-15 05:44:44
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

洋务运动的指导思想是“中学为体,西学为用”。

1、“中学为体,西学为用”,简称为中体西用,它是贯穿于洋务运动始终的一个指导思想,按照当时洋务派的主流观念的认识,所谓的“中学为体”,简单说来就是要以中国的孔孟之道,为代表的中国封建君主专制制度的思想文化、以“伦常名教”作为思想基础,以向西方学习技艺为主,而对于封建君主的专制制度是不可动摇和变更的。

2、而"西学为用"就是为了“师夷长技以制夷”,在这些饱览中国传统典籍、赞赏儒家道德礼仪、恪守封建伦理纲常并竭力维护专制社会秩序的官宦士大夫看来,拥有“长技”并不能改变“夷”的鄙陋类属,“师”的对象是“夷之长技”而非“夷”本身,目的是为了“制夷”而非从文物制度上“变夏为夷”。

3、“师夷长技以制夷”以极其简练的语言概括了封建统治者中的先进人物对西方现代文明的认识、态度和行动纲领。“师夷长技”就是应该建立自己的造船造炮工厂,并以西人为师,学习西洋各国的造船造炮技术,以及在新式装备下的阵仗之法,目的还是为了维护自己的封建统治。

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