台球协会是什么时候组建的?

2025-02-26 10:22:59
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

直至1868年台球在西方国家广泛发展,球的需求也随之巨增,纽约一家台球公司自愿拿出一万美元赏金,征求象牙球的代用品。当时被誉为美国塑料工业之父的海亚特,用化学方法研制成功塑胶台球,这项发明促进了台球制造工业革命性的变化。同时也对台球运动事业的发展,作出了巨大的贡献。因此,海亚特也被美国台球协会选进了名人馆。

最初玩的台球,球台上只有两只球,到1775年法国人又给加了一个红球,英国人跟着仿效,此时在球台上便有了三个球。并把这种玩法叫“开仑”,击球人把对方的球顶进球袋,或同时击中两个球称“双着”,都可以得分。这种玩法,就是我们现在玩的三球落袋式台球的原始玩法,即英式台球“比力”美国的台球运动,是西班牙人于1504年经佛罗里达州传入的。1607年,英国人又把台球带到维吉尼亚洲。1690年移居南卡罗来纳的法国人也将台球运动带到美国。当时虽然多方面把台球运动传入美国,但并没有很快得到发展,直到1800年以后才开始盛行起来。经过多年的研究发展,直到十九世纪中,对台球的技术、比赛方法和规则等方面,做出重大的改进完善贡献,直到在世界台球运动中,独创了美式台球一大流派,与法式台球、英式台球并驾齐驱,现已流行于东西方。

斯诺克台球起源,曾有过一段故事的传说。在1875年,有一个驻扎在印度的特文郡军团,团里有一位青年尉官尼维尔.张伯仑,对于他们每天玩的三球台球,感到乏味,于是便产生了改进的想法,便加了一个黑色球,经过一段时间,又有一位青年军官建议,再加了一个粉色球,随着球数的增加,不仅提高了玩的兴趣,同时也丰富了玩球的方法,后来又连续增加几种不同颜色彩球,球数共有二十二个,其中有十五个红色球,六个不同颜色的彩色球和一个白色主球。经过实践摸打,又制订了一套比赛方法和规则。

1880年,英国人约翰·罗伯特又从印度把斯诺克台球打法和规则带回了英国。但是,当时正处于英式台球热,一般名手及观众都热衷于英式台球。斯诺克台球根本无法引起人们的重视。直到20世纪30年代,英式台球日渐衰落,许多名手才逐渐转向斯诺克台球,从此斯诺克台球才开始在英国兴盛起来,成了英国的国球,直到现在。关于台球运动组织的建立,最早的国家是英国,于1885年由业余与职业球手组成了台球协会,并制订了第一套正式的比赛规则。1908年又由对立的一方组成了台球管理俱乐部。于1919年,台球协会和台球管理俱乐部达成合并协议,组建了英式台球和斯诺克台球的最高组织为台球联合会,主持两种台球的比赛和制订规则。

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