中国古代监察制度的发展历程及认识

中国古代监察制度的发展历程及认识
2025-03-16 06:24:57
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

古代监察制度:中央设御史,监察百官,历朝沿用,但地方监察制有一些变化。
(1)秦朝:中央设御史大夫,地方设监御史。
(2)西汉:汉武帝设13州为监察区,设刺史进行监察,级别不高,可监察诸侯王以及地方高官。
(3)东汉:刺史监察权进一步加强,并逐步增加了地方行政权和军权,东汉末年,刺史演变为地方最高军政长官。
(4)北宋:设通判,负责监督知州,可直接向皇帝报告,公文须经知州和通判联合签署才能生效。
(5)明朝:地方设提刑按察使司,管地方监察、司法;又增设厂卫特务机构,监视百官与平民。
特点:第一,监察机关与监察权逐步独立,成为掌握在封建皇帝手中的制约行政、司法、军事等部门及其官吏的独立力量。第二,监察权限愈益向皇帝集中。第三,监察组织体制不断完善和系统化。 第四,监察权限和范围不断扩大~

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