鲁迅写孔乙己性格特征应用了哪些艺术手法

鲁迅写孔乙己性格特征应用了哪些艺术手法
2025-04-02 16:00:37
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

  1、肖像描写 也叫外貌描写,是对人物的外部特征:容貌、姿态、举止、风度、神情、衣饰等进行具体而生动的描摹和刻画。

  “孔乙己是站着喝酒而穿长衫的唯一的人。他身材高大,青白脸色,皱纹间时常夹些伤痕;一捋乱蓬蓬的花白的胡子。穿的是长衫,可是又脏又破,似乎十多年没有补,也没有洗。”不用介绍,大家也知道,这是《孔乙己》中鲁迅先生对孔乙己的描写。站着喝酒的都是短衣帮,穿长衫的都是踱进屋内坐着喝,孔乙己却是介乎两者之间。“唯一”二字,看似普通,然而正是这两个字道出了孔乙己与众不同的个性特征。这是总写一笔。人物的身份、地位已蕴含其中了。接下去是肖像描写,身材高大,本可自食其力,但脸色的青白,正是不得温饱的写照。那“伤痕”又引起读者对人物的多方猜测,后文已回应了他的偷窃和被打伤。花白胡子,暗示了年龄,“乱蓬蓬”和“又脏又破”点明了他的懒惰、贫困、潦倒。这一精彩的肖像描写,不仅形象地刻画了孔乙己的外部形态,而且也入木三分地揭示了孔乙己迂腐的性格特征。从而成为读者理解孔乙己这一形象的一把钥匙。

  2、语言神态描写:
  ①他对人说话,总是满口之乎者也,教人半懂不懂的。说明他以读
  书人自居,卖弄学问,迂腐可笑的性格。’
  ②孔乙己睁大眼睛说,“你怎么这样凭空污人清白……”说明他死
  要面子,怕人嘲笑。
  ③孔乙己便涨红了脸,额上的青筋条条绽出,争辩道,“窃书不能算
  偷…,窃书!……读书人的事,能算偷吗于’说明他自命清高、迂腐不
  堪、自欺欺人,死要面子的性格。‘
  ④“孔乙己看着问他的人,显出不屑置辩的神气”说明孔乙己“惟有
  读书高”的自命清高的性格。
  ⑤“孔乙己立刻显出颓唐不安模样,脸上笼上了一层灰色,嘴里说
  些话;这回可是全是之乎者也之类,一些不懂了。说明孔乙己深受封建
  科举制度毒害,至死不悟。
  ③“不要取笑!”“跌断,跌,跌……”明明是丁举人打断的却不敢说
  封建科举制度毒害了他的精神,摧残了他的肉体,他却至死不悟,死要
  面子 。

  3、动作描写
  ①“便排出九文大钱”既表现他桔据而穷酸的本相,又对酒店卖弄
  分文不少,自己是规矩人。并对短衣帮的耻笑表现出若无其事,这
  一排”的动作,恰如其分地显示了他的心理。
  ②“他从破衣袋里摸出四文大钱,放在我手里”说明穷困潦倒到
  极点,“摸”字表明了他悲惨的境地。
  ③孔乙己教“我”识字,表现他的热心善良。
  以读书人自居,贫困不能自存而又好吃懒做,很想清白做人而又不免
  偷窃,死要面子,怕人嘲笑而又自欺欺人,迂腐可笑。

回答2:

楼主应该明白什么是[艺术}手法

1留白 当孔乙己发完茴香豆,“一群孩子在笑声里走散了”后,他的故事也中断了。等到情节再被续上时,孔乙己形象发生了巨大变化。这变化的个中原因,给读者留下想象空间
2以乐写哀,以“笑”贯穿整个悲剧,
3同时运用多重对比(1小说通过对孔乙己“第一次”与“最后一次”的外貌、动作、语言、神态的对比描写,凸现孔乙己的性格特征与不幸遭遇。2小说通过孔乙己肉体与内心的痛苦同众人以此取笑逗乐的对比描写,提示封建社会人际关系的冷漠。3小说通过科举考试的失败者与获胜者的对比描写,揭露科举制度的罪恶),突出了人物的悲剧性,使其社会意义更深刻。

回答3:

现身说法

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