推荐回答(1个)
橄榄球是英国人叫的 英文名是rubgy
而美式足球是美国人叫的 英文名是Football(因为早期是只能用脚踢的,故此意,也有人把一般的足球运动称为soccer)
两个大体是一样的,但毕竟是有点不一样的,并不是没有区别的.一样的,如:"球的样子一样."不一样的,如球场的大小,规则等等
但美式足球是从橄榄球里很出来的,如果想分辨哪个是美式足球和橄榄球,那很容易,看看他们有没有戴盔甲就行了,美式足球是戴盔甲,橄榄球是不戴的!
橄榄球的英文原名是Rugby football,虽然被翻译成橄榄球,但是它的起源却与橄榄Olive一点关系也没有。
Rugby 其实是一个英格兰小镇的名字。在这个小镇上有一间叫Rugby School的公学。
据传说,在1823年的时候,该学校举行了一次足球比赛,当时比赛十分的激烈,其中有一个名叫William Webb Ellis的16岁的小男孩,因为比分落后,情急之下,他竟然抱起地上的球就向对方的球门跑去,he took the ball in his arms and ran with it.
虽然在当时这个举动disregard the rules of football,违反了足球的规定,但却引起在场观战的观众的强烈兴趣:如果足球赛也可以用手比赛,那么一定会变成一项更好玩的足球运动。就这样在英格兰诞生了橄榄球运动Rugby Football,在英国及英联邦地区,渐渐推广,吸引了全世界各地方爱好运动人口的兴趣,而发展开来。
但是,后来的历史学家经过仔细考证,发现这个故事纯属子虚乌有,但是传说的力量是强大的,它已经深入人心,如今在Rugby School还树立着一块石碑,上面刻着:“This stone commemorates the exploit of William Webb Ellis.” “此碑纪念W·W·埃利斯的勇敢行动”。,甚至连Rugby football的最高荣誉,Rugby World Cup橄榄球世界杯的奖杯也是以Webb Ellis命名,称为Webb Ellis Cup
比赛时,进攻方上场11名进攻队员;而防守方上场11名防守队员。进攻方必须在4次进攻后前进10码以上。每完成10码,则重新开始一轮4次进攻。如果在4次进攻后,进攻方不能有效地前进10码以上,攻防转换。原防守方从原进攻方4次进攻后死球所在的位置开始反攻。当然,原防守方换上11名进攻队员,而原进攻方换上11名防守队员。
比赛分为两个半场共4节,每节15分钟。与NBA不同的是,每半场的两节之间除了交换场地,球的状态保持不变。所以,只有上下半场的最后阶段才有必要控制时间。
风行欧美的水下橄榄球运动
近年来,在欧美国家风行一种水下橄榄球运动,并经常举行国际性的比赛。�
这项运动是在一个长20—25米、水深不低于5米的水池里举行,水池两边设有球门。选手们身穿游泳裤,头戴游泳帽(头盔),口含一根小管用以呼吸,脚上还要套着脚蹼。比赛用球和足球差不多,里面灌满了盐水,这样球就不会浮上来。�
参加比赛的双方各有5名队员和一名守门员在水下,其余5名预备队员则坐在池边的椅子上。当一名队员疲倦了,浮上水面时,一名预备队员就赶快潜入水中接替他。换人时机的选择很重要,对胜负的影响很大。比赛时有两名身穿潜水服的裁判执法。�
水下橄榄球运动需要良好的身体素质和强健的肺。腿要有力,以便能在水中快速移动;手要有劲,因为球很沉重。有经验的选手能在水中呆很长时间,而且能漂亮地控制球。�
尽管水下橄榄球运动和陆上橄榄球运动一样令人开心,但观看比赛却是个问题。观众们虽然可以在池边观看,但这样却看不出什么名堂。于是后来在水下安装了电视摄像机,把比赛情况投影到巨大的电视屏幕上,这样观看效果就好多了。
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