邓世昌怎么死的

2025-02-25 12:52:36
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

关于邓世昌殉国的说法,大致有三种。
  第一种说法,是“与舰同沉”。主要以姚锡光《东方兵事纪略》和蔡永康《中东战纪本末》记载为依据,他们认为在中日海战中,“致远”舰不幸被敌舰围攻,受伤累累,舰体倾斜,炮弹即将用尽,管带邓世昌临危不惧,沉着指挥,号召部下“从公为国”,“置生命于度外”,“有死而已”,下令“鼓快车”,直冲敌人先锋队指挥舰“吉野”号,准备与之相撞,同归于尽。“吉野”号见势不妙,慌忙躲避。“致远”舰在日方快炮的密集进攻下,不幸又中鱼雷,致使舰身破裂,大量进水,“顷刻沉没”。邓世昌与全舰官兵壮烈殉国。此说最为通行,电影《甲午风云》即据此描绘的。

  第二种说法,是“扼犬同沉”。据《清史稿邓壮杰公事略》记载,当“致远”舰冲向“吉野”时,被“吉野”舰发射的一枚鱼雷击中,致使锅炉迸裂,舰体下沉,邓世昌和250名官兵同时落入滚滚的黄海波涛之中,临难之时,邓世昌感慨地说:“吾志靖敌权,今死于海,义也。何求生为!”舰进水后,他还站在水中怒骂敌寇。侍从刘忠把浮水梃向他投去,他拒不接受。此时,恰好有一艘中国鱼雷艇驶来,艇上水手高呼:“邓大人,快上扎杆!”邓世昌并不理会,铿锵有力地表示“阖舰俱尽,义不独生”。他的随身爱犬游到身边,衔住他的胳膊不让他下沉,被他毅然推开。爱犬不忍离去,又衔住他的辫发。邓世昌“望海浩叹,扼犬竟逝”,望着血染的大海,发出长声的叹息,扼住犬首,一起沉入海底。

  第三种说法,是“义不独生”。时任直隶总督的李鸿章1894年10月5日上皇帝《奏请优恤大东沟海军阵亡各员折》和曹和济《律门奉使记闻》以及《番禹县续志》均有记述,说邓世昌坠海之后,侍从刘忠用浮水挺援救,被他拒绝,后又被别舰将士奋力救起。但他目睹全舰荡没、官兵都身葬大海的惨状,悲痛欲绝,义不独生,于是再次投入大海,壮烈牺牲。

  和历史上许多战事一样,一些细节均扑朔迷离,中日甲午海战中邓世昌的殉国经过亦如此。由于当时参战的中日双方在海面上来往厮杀、纠缠混斗、炮烟弥漫,难以辨认。“当猛战时,两军舰旗帜俱毁,各不能辨其孰为敌舰,其略可识认者,仅在船之颜色形模”而已。加之“致远”号的官兵大部分战死,因而对邓世昌牺牲的情形,仅靠旁观者的想像和叙述,未免不无出入,流传至今,说法各异。第一、第三种说法均有当事人记载,特别是第一种说法流传甚广,散见各类著述。第二种说法虽然不见当事人记载,但也有声有色,亦有可信之处。这就有待于史家继续考证了。但纵观时代背景,笔者愿意相信邓世昌“扼犬自沉”的说法。
希望能帮到你。

回答2:

邓公,有君足壮海军威,他是国家的脊梁

回答3:

黄海大战中被日本军舰导弹击中随船沉入海里死去的

回答4:

回答5:

邓世昌,原名永昌,字正卿。清末海军爱国将领,民族英雄。1849年10月4日生于广东番禺(今广州市海珠区),祖籍广东东莞怀德乡人。
1868年,他怀着救国的志愿,以各门课程考核皆优的成绩入福州船政学堂学习航海,成为该学堂驾驶班第一届毕业生。他在福州船政学堂毕业后,1871年被派到“建威”练船,随船巡历南洋各岛。1874年被任命为“琛海”兵船大副,以后历任“海东云舰”、“振威舰”、“飞霆舰”等兵船管带。
1879年,李鸿章筹办北洋海军,他被调到北洋海军,任“镇南”炮船的管带。1867入马尾船政学堂驾驶班第一期学习,1871年,被派至“建威”舰练习航海。1874年以优异成绩毕业,并被船政大臣沈葆桢奖以五品军功任命为“琛航”运船帮带,次年任“海东云”炮舰管带,时值日军侵台,邓世昌奉命扼守澎湖、基隆等要塞,得补千总。又调任振威炮舰管带,代理“扬武”快船管驾,升守备,加都司衔。
1880年调入北洋水师,先后担任“飞霆”、“镇南”蚊炮船管带和“扬威舰”、“致远”舰管带。
1894年9月17日在中日甲午黄海海战中壮烈牺牲。

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