经济学中“挤出效应”是什么?

2025-03-16 05:42:12
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

挤出效应社会财富的总量是一定的,政府这边占用的资金过多,又会使私人部门可占用资金减少,经济学将这种情况,称为财政的“挤出效应”:政府通过向公众(企业、居民)和商业银行借款来实行扩张性的财政政策,引起利率上升和借贷资金需求上的竞争,导致民间部门(或非政府部门)支出减少,从而使财政支出的扩张部分或全部被抵消。民间支出的减少主要是民间投资的减少,但也有消费支出和净出口的减少(F·S·米什金,1998,P544)。对挤出效应的发生机制有两种解释。一种解释是:财政支出扩张引起利率上升,利率上升抑制民间支出,特别是抑制民间投资。另一种解释是:政府向公众借款引起政府和民间部门在借贷资金需求上的竞争,减少了对民间部门的资金供应

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