美国的英语和英国的英语有什么区别呢?

2024-11-02 19:45:01
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

1.Accent

口音

It’s
difficult to make clear distinctions between US and UK accents when
there is such a wide variety of accents within both the US and UK. A
Texan and a New Yorker are both Americans, but have very different
accents. The same goes for British accents in London, Manchester and
Glasgow.

要区别清楚美式英语和英式英语是很困难的,因为美国和英国都各自有着各式各样的口音。德克萨斯人和纽约人都是美国人,但是他们的口音也是相当不同的。对于英式口音也一样,在伦敦、曼彻斯特和格拉斯哥的口音也是不一样的。

However,
some very general distinctions can be made. Americans usually pronounce
every “r” in a word, while the British tend to only pronounce the “r”
when it’s the first letter of a word.

然而,(美式英语和英式英语)也有一些一般的区别。美国人会读出单词里的每个“r”音,而英国人则倾向于只发单词中的第一个“r”音。

2.Spelling

拼写

含义     美式英语     英式英语    

颜色     color     colour    

行为,态度     behavior     behaviour    

剧院     theater     theatre    

米,公尺     meter     metre    

组织     organize     organise    

旅行(过去式)     traveled     travelled    

3.Vocabulary

词汇

含义    美式英语    英式英语    

公寓     apartment     flat    

大学     college     university    

剧院     theater     theatre    

假期,休假     vacation     holiday    

炸马铃薯片     chips     crisps    

炸薯条     (french) fries     chips    

电影院     the movies     the cinema    

软饮料     soda / pop / coke / soft drink     soft drink / fizzy drink    

软运动鞋     sneakers / tennis shoes     trainers    

针织套衫     sweater     jumper    

邮箱     mailbox     postbox    

创可贴,石膏     band-aid     plaster    

药店     drugstore     chemist’s    

足球     soccer     football    

饼干     cookie     biscuit    

4.Grammar

语法

Prepositions

介词

The
differences below are only a general rule. American speech has
influenced Britain via pop culture, and vice versa. Therefore, some
prepositional differences are not as pronounced as they once were.

下面举例的区别只是一般规则。美国人的讲话方式通过流行文化影响到了英式英语,反之亦然。因此,有些介词上的区别并不是像它们曾经那样明显了。

中文     美式英语     英式英语    

这周末我要去参加一个派对。     I’m going to a party on the weekend.     I’m going to a party at the weekend.    

你圣诞节要做什么呢?     What are you doing on Christmas?     What are you doing at Christmas?    

从周一到周五。     Monday through Friday.     Monday to Friday.    

这跟其他人不一样。     It’s different from/than the others.     It’s different from/to the others.    

5.Past Simple vs Present Perfect

一般过去时和现在完成时

Americans
tend to use the past simple when describing something that has recently
occurred, while people in the UK are more likely to use the present
perfect.

美国人倾向于使用一般过去时去描述刚刚发生的事情,而英国人则更可能使用现在完成时来描述过去刚刚发生的事情。

中文     美式英语     英式英语    

我吃太多了。     I ate too much.     I’ve eaten too much.    

我去过商店了。     I went to the store.     I’ve been to the shop.    

从周一到周五。     Monday through Friday.     Monday to Friday.    

你拿到报纸了吗?     Did you get the newspaper?     Have you got the newspaper?    

6.The past participle of get

Get的过去分词区别

In
the UK, “gotten” as the past participle of “get” is considered archaic
and was abandoned long ago in favor of “got” .However, in the US people
still use “gotten” as the past participle.

在英国,用“gotten”作为“get”的过去分词形式是被认为很老派的,并且在很久之前就使用“got”来取代“gotten”了。然而,在美国,人们仍然使用“gotten”做为“get”的过去分词。

中文     美式英语     英式英语    

得到     get — got — gotten     get — got — got    

我还没有收到关于他的消息。     I haven’t gotten any news about him.     I’ve not got any news about him.    

7.Collective nouns: singular or plural?

集合名词:单数还是复数?

In
British English, a collective noun (like committee, government, team,
etc.) can be either singular or plural, but more often tends toward
plural, emphasizing the members of the group. Collective nouns in the
US, by comparison, are always singular, emphasizing the group as one
whole entity.

在英式英语中,集合名词(比如committee, government, team等等)作为单数和复数都是可以的,不过更多的情况下往往是倾向于复数,用来强调小组里的成员们。相比之下,在美国,集合名词总是单数形式,强调群体作为一个整体。

中文     美式英语     英式英语    

政府在这次危机期间做了它能做的一切。     The government is doing everything it can during this crisis.     The government are doing everything they can during this crisis.    

我的队伍赢了。     My team is winning.     My team are winning.    

8.Regular or irregular verbs?

规则动词和不规则动词

This
is a subtle difference that can be easily overlooked in speech, but is
much more apparent in written form. Many verbs that are irregular in the
preterite in Britain (leapt, dreamt, burnt, learnt) have been made
regular in America (leaped, dreamed, burned, learned).

在口语中,规则动词和不规则动词的微妙区别是很容易被忽视的,不过在书面形式中会比较明显。许多动词在英国的过去时态中是不规则的(leapt,
dreamt, burnt, learnt),到了美国就是规则动词了(leaped, dreamed, burned, learned)。

作为全球最常讲的第二语言,英语应该是一个很灵活的语言。毕竟,它不仅仅是在只在美国和英国两个国家使用的。所以,不论你使用的是美式英语还是英式英语,都不会妨碍你跟其他人进行交流。

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回答2:

这主要是美语重实用,克服了英国英语的繁琐,特别是美国经济发展,在世界的地位也决定了美语的流行。