什么是延续性动词

延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn,
work,
stand,
lie,
know,
walk,
keep,
have,
wait,
watch,
sing,
read,
sleep,
live,
stay等。
　　终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如open,
close,
finish,
begin,
come,
go,
arrive,
reach,
get
to,
leave,
move,
borrow,buy等。
　　一、延续性动词
　　延续性动词表示的动作不但可以延续，而且可以产生持久的影响。常见的这类动词有：be，have，keep，know，learn，lie，live，read，sing，sleep，stand，stay，wait，walk，watch等。延续性动词的用法很广，但常见于现在完成时中的句子中，且常与for，how，long，since等引导的表示一段时间的状语或状语从句连用。例如：
　　1．i
have
learned
more
than
1，000
chinese
words
since
i
came
to
china．
　　自从来到中国，我已经学会了l，000多个汉字。
　　2．we
have
lived
in
linqing
since
we
came
here．自从来到这儿，我们就一直住在临清。
　　3．i
have
kept
the
picture
for
about
three
years．这张画我保存了大约三年。
　　延续性动词又称持续性动词，它所表示的是一种持续的动作。
　　延续性动词可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用,而非延续性动词不行
　　举个例子：
　　(1)
how
long
have
you
had
it?
这辆车你买了多久了？
　　[说明]
在英语中，非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。所以我们不说“how
　　long
have
you
bought
it?”因为how
long
是“多久”的意思，而buy是非延续性动词，二者
　　不相配。常用的非延续性动词有：become,
begin,
buy,
borrow,
arrive,
come,
die,
fall,
　　finish,
get
to
know,
go,
join,
leave,
marry,
start,
stop等。为了表达这种意思，我们常用
　　相应的延续性动词
have,keep
或短语
“be+名词，形容词，位置副词，介词短语”
来代替非
　　延续动词。如：become---be,
begin---have/
be
on,
borrow---keep,
buy---have,
　　come---
be
here/there/in…,
die---be
dead,
finish---be
over,
join---be
in,
　　leave---be
away等。
　　例如：his
father
has
been
dead
for
one
year.(不能用die)
　　他父亲死了一年了。
　　my
brother
has
been
in
the
army
for
two
years.(不能用join)
　　我哥哥参军两年了。
　　i
have
kept
the
book
for
two
weeks.
(不能用borrow)
　　我借这本书两个星期了。
　　非延续性动词可用与现在完成时态,但由于动作是瞬时间完成的所以不能与for或since引出的时间状语连用.英语中常见的非延续性动词在完成时态中可改为相应的表示延续性的动词或短语,这时可与表示一段时间的的状语连用.
　　now
let's
do
some
exercise!
　　which
one
is
correct
can
you
tell
me
　　he
has
joined
the
party
for
two
years.
　　he
has
been
a
party
member
for
two
years.
　　i
have
bought
this
computer
for
a
month.
　　i
have
had
this
computer
for
a
month.
　　do
this
exercise!
　　i
have
come
here
.
for
two
years
　　he
has
gone
to
beijing.
for
three
months
　　my
mother
has
left
that
factory.
for
ten
years
　　we
have
started
to
learn
english.
for
5
years
　　i
have
been
here
for
two
years.
　　he
has
been
in
beijing
for
three
months.
　　my
mother
has
been
away
from
that
factory
　　for
ten
years.
　　we
have
learned
english
for
5
years.
　　the
film
has
been
on
for
10
minutes
　　they
have
had
a
tv
for
2
weeks.
　　they
have
bought
a
tv.
for
2
days
　　the
film
has
begun.
for
10
minutes
　　i
have
borrowed
a
book.
for
3
weeks
　　i
have
kept
a
book
for
3
weeks.
　　he
has
been
dead
for
ten
years.
　　i
have
had
a
cold
for
several
days.

我们知道英语中动词分为延续动词、终止(短暂)动词。但是在实际用法中，我们往往忽略两者的区别，造成老外往往不知道我们说些什么。英语是讲究语法、拼读的语种，其语法包括动词的时态问题，这里也就涉及到两动词类别地语法运用。现列词，往有所帮助，于人于己!(温故而知新)
英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如:learn,
work,
stand,
lie,
know,
walk,
keep,
have,
wait,
watch,
sing,
read,
sleep,
live,
stay等。
终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如open,
close,
finish,
begin,
come,
go,
arrive,
reach,
get
to,
leave,
move,
borrow,buy等。
4、延续性动词的用法特征
1.延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示"段时间"的状语连用。表示"段时间"的短语有:for
two
years,
during
the
past
three
years,
since
last
year,
how
long等。如:I
have
learned
English
since
I
came
here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。
2.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的"点时间"状语连用。如:It
raind
at
eight
yesterday
morning.(误)
rain为延续性动词，而at
eight表示"点时间"，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动作，可以借助come,
begin,
get等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为:It
began
to
rain
at
eight
yesterday
morning.(正)又如:
-When
did
you
get
to
know
Jack?
-Two
years
ago.
-Then
you've
known
each
other
for
more
than
two
years.
-That's
right.
5、终止性动词的用法特征
1.终止性动词可用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于现在完成时。如:
The
train
has
arrived.火车到了。
Have
you
joined
the
computer
group?
你加入电脑小组了吗?
2.终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用(只限肯定式)。如:
(1)他死了三年了。
误:He
has
died
for
three
years.
正:He
has
been
dead
for
three
years.
正:He
died
three
years
ago.
正:It
is
three
years
since
he
died.
正:Three
years
has
passed
since
he
died.
(2)他来这儿五天了。
误:He
has
come
here
for
five
days.
正:He
has
been
here
for
five
days.
正:He
came
here
five
days
ago.
正:It
is
five
days
since
he
came
here.
正:Five
days
has
passed
since
he
came
here.
(1)、(2)句中的die、come为终止性动词，不能与表示"段时间"的状语连用。那么，应如何正确表达呢?可以采用下面的四种方法:
(1)将句中终止性动词转换为相应的延续性动词，如上面两例中的第一种正确表达方式。下面列举几例:
leave→be
away,
borrow→keep,
buy→have,
begin/start→be
on,
die→be
dead,
move
to→live
in,
finish→be
over,
join→be
in/be
a
member
of,
open
sth.→keep
sth.
open,
fall
ill→be
ill,
get
up→be
up,
catch
a
cold→have
a
cold。
(2)将句中表示"段时间"的状语改为表示过去确定时间的状语，如下面两例中的第二种正确表达方式。
(3)用句型"It
is+段时间+since..."表达原意，如上面两例中的第三种正确表达方式。
(4)用句型"时间+has
passed+since..."表达原意，如上面两例中的第四种正确表达方式。
3.终止性动词可用于现在完成时否定式中，成为可以延续的状态，因而可与表示一段时间的状语连用。如:
He
hasn't
left
here
since
1986.
I
haven't
heard
from
my
father
for
two
weeks.
4.终止性动词的否定式与until/till连用，构成"not+终止性动词+until/till
..."的句型，意为"直到……才……"。如:You
can't
leave
here
until
I
arrive.直到我到了，你才能离开这里。
I
will
not
go
to
bed
until
I
finish
drawing
the
picture
tonight.
今天晚上直到我画完画，我才上床睡觉。
5.终止性动词可以用于when引导的时间状语从句中，但不可以用于while引导的时间状语从句中。when表示
的时间是"点时间"(从句谓语动词用终止性动词)，也可以是"段时间"(从句谓语动词用延续性动词)。而while表示的是一个较长的时间或过程，从句谓
语动词用延续性动词。如:When
we
reached
London,
it
was
twelve
o'clock.
(reach为终止性动词)
Please
look
after
my
daughter
while/when
we
are
away.
(be
away为延续性动词短语)
6.终止性动词完成时不可与how
long连用(只限于肯定式)。如:
误:How
long
have
you
come
here?
正:How
long
have
you
been
here?
正:When
did
you
come
here?

延续性动词
延续性动词
英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
延续性动词的用法特征
1.延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示"段时间"的状语连用。表示"段时间"的短语有：for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。如：I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。
2.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的"点时间"状语连用。如：It rained at eight yesterday morning.(误) rain为延续性动词，而at eight表示"点时间"，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动作，可以借助come, begin, get等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为：It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正)又如：
-When did you get to know Jack?
-Two years ago.
-Then you've known each other for more than two years.
-That's right.

举个例子：

die死亡，这是个动作，一瞬间就发生的事情
birth出生，也是个一瞬间的动作

这种动词就叫做短暂性动词

与之相反的就叫做延续性动词。

比如，eat（吃饭），rain（下雨），sleep（睡觉）。

这样理解就行了。不用记住那些很复杂的概念。

可以一直保持不便的动作叫延续性动词。如：have
run
watch.
非如：finish
buy
get.像完成时、not
until结构等，只可用延续性动词。