推荐回答（1个）
从结构上看，同位语从句中，由连接词引导，连接词起到连接的作用，不充当句子成分，从句是一个完整的句子，而在定语从句中，由关系词引导，关系词起到引导作用，并充当一定的成分。
从意义上看，同位语从句中，是对一个名词加以解释和说明，定语从句是对一个词语进行修饰和限定。
可以比较一下：1.the idea that one can do the work without thinking is wrong. 主句是 the idea is wrong. 从句是 that one can do the work without thingking. 这里 one是主语 do是谓语 the work...是宾语，主谓宾都在，没有缺少成分。因此主句和从句中成分完整，所以连接词起到了链接作用，不充当成分。
2.the idea that you put forward at the meeting is wrong. 主句是 the idea is wrong.从句是that you put forward at the meeting. 这里，you是主语 put forward是宾语 at the meeting是状语，缺少了宾语，而that在这里充当了宾语成分，所以这个句子是定语从句。
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