推荐回答(2个)
人工海水是接近似于海水的离子组成、渗透压和pH而配制的,有赫布斯特(Herbst)和范特霍夫(VantHoff)等配方。
因为海水渗透压可随地区而异(地中海沿岸的渗透压比日本太平洋沿岸、美国大西洋沿岸的要高),所以人工海水也要根据地区使用不同的渗透浓度。
在制备人工海水时,通常先制成与海水等渗透浓度的NaClKClCaCl2MgSO4(MgCl2)溶液,然后再把这些溶液按适当溶量比进行混合,这时如改变混合比,假定去掉某一成。
氯化钠NaCl2 2.260
硫酸镁 MgSO4 3.248
氯化钙 CaCl2 1.153
碳酸氢钠 NaHCO3 0.198
氯化钾 KCl 0.721
溴化钠 NaBr 0.058
硼酸 H3BO3 0.058
硅酸钠 Na2SiO3 0.0024
硅酸钠 Na2Si4o9 0.0015
磷酸 H3PO4 0.002
六氯化二铝 Al2Cl6 0.013
氨 NH3 0.002
硝酸锂 LiNO3 0.0013 溶液A 单位:克/升蒸馏水
氯化钠 NaCl 239.000
氯化镁 MgCl2·6H2O 108.300
元水 CaCl2 11.5
氯化锶 SrClz·6HzO 0.040
氯化钾 KCl 6.82
溴化钾 KBr 0.99
溶液B 硫酸钠 Na2SO4·lOH2O 90.6
碳酸氢钠 NaHCO3 0.20
氟化钠 NaF 0.0003
硼酸 H3BO3 0.0027
注:调好溶液A.B后,将B液喷入A液中,澄清24小时后,过滤即可使用。
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