用and和but,或者,which连接的两个句子时,主语和时态必须前后一致吗??麻烦高手举例详解~~ 感激感激!
推荐回答(5个)
1.用and和but,或者,which连接的两个句子时,主语和时态可以前后一致,也可以不一致。
2.你的例句she finally understands her sisister's words which she had not understand in the past. 时态明显错误,必须把从句中的understand改成understood.
3.understand英[ˌʌndəˈstænd]美[ˌʌndərˈstænd]
v.懂; 理解; 领会; 了解; 认识到; 明了; 谅解; 体谅; 得知; 默认;
[例句]People are often afraid of things they don't understand.
人往往对自己不懂的东西感到恐惧。
[其他] 第三人称单数:understands 现在分词:understanding 过去式:understood 过去分词:understood
4.时态一致是指句子的时态必须从头到尾都是一样的。即谓语动词的时态与时间状语的时态一致,从句的谓语动词时态与主句保持一致,直接引语的时态和间接引语的时态转换一致。但已经存在例外,例句如下。
(1)如果从句所叙述的为真理或不变的事实,则永远用现在时。
At that time, people did not know that the earth moves.
He told me last week that he is eighteen.
(2)宾语从句中的助动词ought, need, must, dare 时态是不变的。
He thought that I need not tell you the truth.
5.句子中如果有两个以上谓语动词,那么就可能同时出现2种以上时态,因为时态只是用来表述事件和状态的,该用什么就用什么。
(1)并列谓语一种时态的例句。
Yesterday I went shopping, bought some books and had dinner at a good restaurant.
The soldier looked at him, exchanged glances with his comrade and took out the gun.
(2)并列谓语多种时态的例句。
A fire sale of at least $20bnworth of equities roiled stockmarkets on an otherwise unremarkable Friday and has left at least two global banks—Credit Suisse and Nomura—facing multibilliondollar losses.
前面用过去时表示那个事件是过去发生的,后面用现在完成时表示至今的影响。
要根据前后的时态的关系来选择,如果前面用了understands,后面表示过去,是从现在开始往前推算,只要用过去时就可以了。
如果前面用了understood,也就是用了过去时,后面应该表示过去的过去,所以用过去完成时,即had understood。
在印欧语系的语言里,只有法语、西班牙语和意大利语等罗曼语族的语言以及英语、德语、荷兰语等日耳曼语族的语言有过去完成时的时态,在斯拉夫语族的语言里,只有乌克兰语有过去完成时的时态,它的构成是бути的过去时加上动词的过去时,可以是未完成体的过去时,也可以是完成体的过去时。
and,but等并列连词前后的两个句子,并不涉及时态的一致,而应该根据句子意义决定。
如
She came here last ngiht and now she is working in the workshop.
她昨晚来过这里,现在她在车间工作。
She finally understands her sister's words which she had not understand in the past.
句子有些错误。
本句时态不太合适。因为“理解她姐的话”不是现在的事儿,所以,用understood更好。
而定语从句用过去完成时就合适了。但不应该用in the past,因为in the past是过去时间状语,不用于过去完成时。
改一下:
She finally understood her sister's words which she had not understood before.
或者描述现在的情况:
She understands her sister's words which she did not understand in the past.过去她听不懂姐姐的话,现在她听得懂了。
这句话是正确的。
主句从句的时态可以不一致。但是还是有一些基本的规则。
如:主句是一般现在时态,从句可以用任何时态。
主句是过去时态,从句要用相关的过去时态。
这里which引导的是定语从句,定语从句中的动作发生在主句之前,所以不一定要前后一句。
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