推荐回答(5个)
不同市售盐酸浓度不同,要根据具体质量分数来配置。
一般市售浓盐酸质量分数为36%-38%,以37%含量举例,其密度为1.19g/ml,1L浓盐酸其摩尔数为37%*(1.19*1000)/36.5=12mol,摩尔浓度即为12mol/L。
现在要配置1mol/L盐酸,按公式C1*V1=C2*V2,12*1=1*V得V=12L,V=V(浓盐酸)+V(水),所以V(浓盐酸)=1L,V(水)=11L,意思就是将1L浓盐酸加入到11L水中稀释所得到的稀盐酸,它的浓度就是1Mol/L,要用多少1M盐酸,按相应比例配就可以了。
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扩展资料:
实验室制法
盐酸主要由氯化氢溶于水来制备。而氯化氢又有多种制备的方式,所以有许多前体。另外,也可以通过氯气与二氧化硫在水溶液中作用来制备:
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用重水水解氯化物(如三氯化磷、二氯亚砜等)或酰氯,可以得到含有氘的盐酸:
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盐酸是一种无机强酸,在工业加工中有着广泛的应用,例如金属的精炼。盐酸往往能够决定产品的质量。
分析化学
在分析化学中,用酸来测定碱的浓度时,一般都用盐酸来滴定。用强酸滴定可使终点更明显,从而得到的结果更精确。在1标准大气压下,20.2%的盐酸可组成恒沸溶液,常用作一定气压下定量分析中的基准物。其恒沸时的浓度会随着气压的改变而改变。
盐酸常用于溶解固体样品以便进一步分析,包括溶解部分金属与碳酸钙或氧化铜等生成易溶的物质来方便分析。
参考资料:
盐酸_百度百科
不同市售盐酸浓度不同,要根据具体质量分数来配置。
一般市售浓盐酸质量分数为36%-38%,以37%含量举例,其密度为1.19g/ml,1L浓盐酸其摩尔数为37%*(1.19*1000)/36.5=12mol,摩尔浓度即为12mol/L。
现在要配置1mol/L盐酸,按公式C1*V1=C2*V2,12*1=1*V得V=12L,V=V(浓盐酸)+V(水),所以V(浓盐酸)=1L,V(水)=11L,意思就是将1L浓盐酸加入到11L水中稀释所得到的稀盐酸,它的浓度就是1Mol/L,要用多少1M盐酸,按相应比例配就可以了。
/iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/b3119313b07eca80d99492e09c2397dda1448320"target="_blank"title="点击查看大图"class="ikqb_img_alink">/iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/b3119313b07eca80d99492e09c2397dda1448320?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto"esrc="https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/b3119313b07eca80d99492e09c2397dda1448320"/>
扩展资料:
实验室制法
盐酸主要由氯化氢溶于水来制备。而氯化氢又有多种制备的方式,所以有许多前体。另外,也可以通过氯气与二氧化硫在水溶液中作用来制备:
/iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/80cb39dbb6fd5266e0079613a618972bd407368c"target="_blank"title="点击查看大图"class="ikqb_img_alink">/iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/80cb39dbb6fd5266e0079613a618972bd407368c?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto"esrc="https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/80cb39dbb6fd5266e0079613a618972bd407368c"/>
用重水水解氯化物(如三氯化磷、二氯亚砜等)或酰氯,可以得到含有氘的盐酸:
/iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/f9dcd100baa1cd11686cd927b412c8fcc2ce2dda"target="_blank"title="点击查看大图"class="ikqb_img_alink">/iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/f9dcd100baa1cd11686cd927b412c8fcc2ce2dda?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto"esrc="https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/f9dcd100baa1cd11686cd927b412c8fcc2ce2dda"/>
/iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/b64543a98226cffc4bc214b5b4014a90f703eac9"target="_blank"title="点击查看大图"class="ikqb_img_alink">/iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/b64543a98226cffc4bc214b5b4014a90f703eac9?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto"esrc="https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/b64543a98226cffc4bc214b5b4014a90f703eac9"/>
盐酸是一种无机强酸,在工业加工中有着广泛的应用,例如金属的精炼。盐酸往往能够决定产品的质量。
分析化学
在分析化学中,用酸来测定碱的浓度时,一般都用盐酸来滴定。用强酸滴定可使终点更明显,从而得到的结果更精确。在1标准大气压下,20.2%的盐酸可组成恒沸溶液,常用作一定气压下定量分析中的基准物。其恒沸时的浓度会随着气压的改变而改变。
盐酸常用于溶解固体样品以便进一步分析,包括溶解部分金属与碳酸钙或氧化铜等生成易溶的物质来方便分析。
参考资料:
/baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%9B%90%E9%85%B8/114516?fr=aladdin#3"target="_blank"title="盐酸_百度百科">盐酸_百度百科
浓盐酸的摩尔浓度是 12 mol/L.
今欲配制100 mL的1 mol/L的稀盐酸,算法如下:
所需的HCl的物质的量 = 0.1 L * 1 mol/L = 0.1 mol。
所以需要的浓盐酸的量 = 0.1 mol/ 12 mol/L= 0.008333 L = 8.33 mL.
因此,如果你想配制严格意义上的1 mol/L的稀盐酸的话,那么应该用8.33 mL的浓盐酸加100 mL的水来配制。
市售盐酸的物质的量是12 mol/L
假设配制1 mol/L的稀盐酸的体积是V L
则12 x = V
所以x = V/12 L
所以,配制V L 1 mol/L的稀盐酸,只需要量取市售盐酸 V/12 L,加水定容至V L即可
取市售分析纯盐酸90ml,加水适量使用1000ml,摇匀即得
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