令x = asinθ，dx = acosθdθ
原式= ∫(0→π/2) (acosθ)/(asinθ + acosθ) dθ
= (1/2)∫(0→π/2) 2cosθ/(sinθ + cosθ) dθ
= (1/2)∫(0→π/2) [(sinθ + cosθ) - (sinθ - cosθ)]/(sinθ + cosθ) dθ
= (1/2)∫(0→π/2) dθ - (1/2)∫(0→π/2) (sinθ - cosθ)/(sinθ + cosθ) dθ
= (1/2)(π/2) - (1/2)∫(0→π/2) - d(cosθ + sinθ)/(sinθ + cosθ) dθ
= π/4 + (1/2)ln(sinθ + cosθ) |(0→π/2)
= π/4 + (1/2)[ln(1 + 0) - ln(0 + 1)]
= π/4
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