高中数学导函数判断单调性问题:由原函数得导函数为g(x)=2x^2-2ax+1,讨论的时候为什么要从a<=0或a>0开...
推荐回答(5个)
你的意思是怎么样想到要分类讨论是吧?至于要不要讨论得根据题意来决定的。高中数学导函数判断单调性问题就是根据导函数的正负性来判断的嘛
比如:这道题中,给出的导函数g(x)=2x^2-2ax+1是一个二次函数,开口向上,我们可以结合图像来讨论其正负性,由于a是一个不确定的数,所以当判别式小于0时,此时a^2<2,g(x)恒大于0,;当判别式大于等于0时,a^2>=2,g(x)有正有负,这时就要解出g(x)=0时的解,借助图像可以判断其增减区间了,不过要注意前提:a的范围.
不知道这样的回答你是否满意?
用逆向思维,你的原函数是y=2/3*x^3-ax^2+x+c,c是常数
它的单调性需讨论导函数为
g(x)=2x^2-2ax+1 ①
的符号
由于三次函数的导函数是二次函数,所以用判别式和求根公式可以判断
△=4a^2-8≤0, y'≥0,y单减
△=4a^2-8>0,①的两根之内,y'<0, y单减;①的两根之外,y'>0,y单增
你说的“讨论的时候为什么要从a<=0或a>0开始? 怎么想到的? ”
可能有两种情况:
1。 ①中二次项系数含参数a,涉及是一次函数还是二次函数?抛物线开口方向?
2。在某个有限区间 I 上讨论①的符号,这时是动轴(x=a/2,a变化,抛物线运动,对称轴运动)定区间 I 问题。是难题。如果某个有限区间 I 的端点含有参数a, 是动轴动区间问题,就更难了。
百度一下:ok吧_博客_百度空间 欢迎访问我的博客!函数salon
你这里的定义域应该是一切实数吧。如果是,就按照一般思路走吧,要判断它的单调性,定义域是一切实数,那只要知道它的极值点不就行了吗,那就利用求根公式求出它的极值点即X=(2a±√4a²-8)/4。若根的判别式4a²-8<0..则说明g(x)>0那原函数在其定位域上单调递增;若根的判别式4a²-8>0即a>√2或a<-√2.此时就是说,这两个根就是原函数的极值点,这时你应该考虑到哪个极值点大呢,要不然怎么写出单调区间呢,这里讨论的当a<-√2时,当然是x=2a+√4a²-8/4较大,此时的单调区间为(-∞,2a-√4a²-8/4)单调增加,(2a+√4a²-8/4,+∞)单调增加,(2a-√4a²-8/4,2a+√4a²-8/4)单调减少;当a>√2时,结果和小于根号2的一样。就这样一步一步的来啊,遇到问题了就讨论呀,这样就ok了。现在比较晚了,写的比较粗略,有不足之处还请见谅。
首先要明确一点:导函数g(x)>0,则原函数单调递增;g(x)<0,则原函数单调递减。
当g(x)=0时的x的值代入原函数就取到原函数的极值。
按这个流程做下来,先考虑后考虑不重要
不知道参数情况时,必须对参数可能情况做全面分析讨论,本例中a不受限制可取全体实数,所以讨论时要考虑各种情况,具体可分三种情况:a<0 、a=0 、a>0
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