急:求文言文翻译!!

2025-04-04 07:48:21
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

出自《班超告老归国》

原文:

班超久在绝域,年老思土,上书乞归曰:“臣不敢望到酒泉郡,但愿生入玉门关。 谨遣子勇随安息献物入塞,及臣生在,令勇目见中土。”朝廷久之未报,超妹曹大家上书曰:“蛮夷之性, 悖逆侮老;而超旦暮入地,久不见代,恐开奸宄之源,生逆乱之心。而卿大夫 咸怀一切,莫肯远虑,如有卒暴,超之气力不能从心,便为上损国家 累世之功,下弃忠臣竭力之用,诚可痛也!故超万里归 诚,自陈苦 急,延颈逾望,三年于今,未蒙省录。妾窃闻古者十五 受兵,六十还之,亦有休息,不任职也。故妾敢触死为超求哀,丐超馀年 一得生还,复见阙庭,使国家无劳远之虑,西域无仓卒之忧,超 得长蒙文王葬骨之恩,子方哀老之惠。”帝感其言,乃征超还。八月,超至洛阳,拜为射声校尉;九月,卒。

超之被征,以戊己校尉任尚代为都护。尚谓超曰:“君侯在外国三十馀年,而小人猥承君后,任重 虑浅,宜有以诲之!”超曰:“年老失智。君数当大位,岂班超所能及哉!必不得已,愿进愚言:塞外吏士, 本非孝子顺孙,皆以罪过徙补边屯;而蛮夷怀鸟兽之心,难养易败。 今君性严急,水清无大鱼,察政不得下和,宜荡佚简易,宽小过,总大纲而已。”超 去,尚私谓所亲曰:“我以班君当有奇策,今所言,平平耳。”尚后 竟失边和,如超所言。

译文:

班超长期在极远的西域,年纪大了,思念故土。上书(向皇帝)乞求归国说:“我不敢(指望能)看见酒泉郡,只希望能够活着进入玉门关。”(我)很恭敬地派遣我的儿子班勇随安息国进献的贡品进入塞内。在我活着的时候,使班勇可眼见得中原的土地。朝廷很久也没有回报消息。班超的妹妹曹大家上书说:“蛮夷地方的人,生性狂悖忤逆,欺侮老人;而班超早晚要死去,长久不被替代,恐怕造成坏人犯法作乱的机会,滋生忤逆作乱逆的意图。”而卿大夫都怀藏一时应付(的想法),没有一个人愿意做长远的考虑,如果发生暴乱,班超力不从心,就对上有损国家多年来经营西域的功业,对下丢弃了忠臣竭尽全力的作为,(这)的确是值得痛惜的。所以班超远在万里外诚挚地(请求)归国,自己陈述苦恼和危急。伸长脖子遥望,三年直到现在,没有受到察看采纳。我私下听说古时候十五岁接受兵器(参军),六十岁(可以)回家,也有休息的时候,不担任职务。所以我敢于冒死为班超请求,乞求(允许)班超剩下一点时间,乃得以活着回来,再一次在朝廷上可以看见他,使国家没有担心西域突发暴乱的顾虑,班超能够长久地受到您如文王葬骨、子方哀老一样体恤老人的恩惠,皇帝被她的话感动了,于是召还班超回来。八月,班超到了洛阳,官拜射声校尉。九月,班超死了。

班超被召还,(于是)用戊己校尉任尚代替他做都护。任尚对班超说:“您在外国三十多年,而我接任您的职务,(我的)责任重大而谋划肤浅,您应当有教诲我的话”班超说:“我年纪大了,没有什么智慧。您多次担当重要职务,我班超哪里能敢得上呢?一定不得已(要说),我愿意向你进(我的)话:塞外的士兵原本就不是顺从的人,都是因为犯罪迁徙以补足边塞,而西域地方的人反复无常,难教养,易败坏。现在您的性情严厉急躁,水太清澈了,就没有大鱼,在政事上苛求,就不能使部下和谐、团结。应洒脱而不严厉,平易近人。宽容小过错,只掌握关键性的大事就可以了。”班超离开后,任尚私下对其亲信说:“我(原来)认为班超应当有出奇的计策,现在(看来)他说的平平无奇罢了。”任尚后来终于使边境失去和平,像班超所说的那样。

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