超外差收音机中自动增益控制由哪些器件构成,其作用是什么

2025-03-31 19:39:23
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

  超外差收音机的自动增益控制电路,由一个或两个电阻和一个电解电容构成,其作用是使所接收的信号强度保持稳定。
  超外差收音机,AM调幅电路采用高于接收信号465KHz(海外使用的是455KHz)的本机振荡频率与接收信号进行差频,得到一个始终不变的中频信号进行放大,使得整个频段内的增益相同,不致于出现高频端放大倍数低声音小,低频端放大器过载失真等情况。
  由于电台与收音机之间的远近不同,所接收到的信号强弱也不同,为了保证收音机的输出功率在某一合适的范围内,需要对不同强弱的信号进行自动调节,所以引入了自动增益控制电路,即AGC电路。AGC电路根据调频/调幅的不同信号而有所不同。一般长波LW、中波MW、短波SW使用的是调幅AM信号,超短波使用调频FM信号。调幅信号的自动增益控制电路其实是一个负反馈电路,其原理是:信号经检波后,得到交变信号电平,取其正半周进行滤波后,得到一个直流电平,将其反馈到中频放大器电路中。如果这个直流电平比较强,就会使中频放大器的放大倍数减少,反之,如果这个直流电平较弱,就不会减少中频信号放大器的放大倍数,使中频放大器正常工作于放大状态。最后得到比较平稳的音频信号。

回答2:

  元件没有几个,检波管取样,电阻限制电平幅度,电容滤出检波后的脉动成分,这个增益控制电平送到各中放级。
  将中频检波后的直流成份,通过反馈电路回送到中放级,控制中频放大器的增益,从而达到稳定信号幅度的目的。检波后输出信号强,反馈的直流电平也高,改变中放级工作点,让其放大能力下降,从而达到“自动增益”控制目标。

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