中药怎么煮要好。一般是要煮多长时间?

2025-03-09 08:59:06
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

中药汤剂因为变化灵活、效果明显、制作简单,成为使用中药的最常见的服用方法。用以下方法煎中药,才能发挥中药的最大效果:首先,煎药器具的选择首选砂锅,砂锅的材质稳定,不会与中药发生化学反应,传热均匀、缓和,是自古以来煎中药的首选器具。可选用搪瓷锅和玻璃容器,最好不要使用金属容器煎煮,因为煎煮过程中可能和金属容器发生化学反应,从而影响中药疗效。其次,加水量也有讲究,加水量大概是中药量的5-10倍,常见的中药方加1000-1500ml水就够了,如果方子较大,需要根据药量计算加水量。煎药前先把中药泡半个小时,多数中药需要煎煮两遍,以充分把药物有效成分煎煮出来。中药煎煮火候也有讲究,先大火煎开,再改小火煎。治疗感冒的药物比较容易挥发,煎15分钟左右即可,常见的中药煎30-40分钟左右即可。对于某些特殊的药物有特殊的煎煮方法,比如比较名贵和质地坚硬的药物,需要先煎30-40分钟,再与其它药物混合后煎煮,使其有效成分充分溶解,常见的有石膏、龙骨、牡蛎、磁石等。对于含有挥发成分的中药需要后下,比如藿香、砂仁、薄荷等。有的药因为会刺激咽喉,需要纱布包着煎。对于胶类药物,比如阿胶、龟胶、鹿角胶,需要蒸化之后再和其他混合服用。对于名贵的药物粉末,可以在中药煎好后直接冲服,比如三七粉、羚羊角粉等。

回答2:

一般情况下,先把中药放到药壶里,水高于药两指为佳(通常两碗半水,根据中药的药量可以适当加),浸泡30分钟
,大火(武火)煮沸
,小火(文火)慢煎10—15分钟,煮到差不多一碗水那么多,可以倒出来,然后再加一碗半水,继续煮(与第一遍相同的煮法),两次药水到在一起,分两次服用,我知道的就是这些,希望对你有帮助,切记勿用铁的器具熬中药,

回答3:

汤剂是中药临床上运用最广泛的一种剂型。中药的煎煮方法直接影响药物治病的临床疗效,历代医家都很重视。如徐灵胎在《医学源流论》中说“煎药之法,最宜深讲,药之效不效,全在于此。”李时珍说“凡服汤药,虽品物专精,修治如法,而煎药者鲁莽造次,水火不良,火候失度,则药亦无功。”因此,如何正确煎煮中药,是发挥中药临床疗效的一个关键。

中药煎煮是否得当直接影响疗效,因此,患者如自己煎煮中药一定要注意掌握正确的煎煮方法。煎煮中药的关键在于浸泡、火候、先下后下三个环节。中药煎煮也不是煎煮时间越久越好。因为有些成分会挥发,反而降低药效。有些成分会在长时间高温被破坏。

煎煮中药的容器以砂锅、搪瓷器皿,不锈钢器皿为宜,不宜使用用铁、铜,铝等器具。

水的用量
煎药用水以60度以下的自来水为宜,禁用沸水。

水的用量是将饮片适当压实后,以水面淹设过饮片约2厘米为宜。

质地坚硬、粘稠或需久煎的药物加水量可略多,质地疏松或有发成分容易挥发,煎煮时间较短的药物,水面淹没药物即可。

煎煮时间和火候
煎药前浸泡一定不能忽略!一般药物浸泡15-30分钟。

煎煮中药的火候应该先用武火,后用文火,即未沸前用大火,沸后用小

火保持微沸状态。计时是从要煮沸时开始算起,一般的中药煮沸后再用文火煎15-30分钟左右。

解表(感冒)、清热、芳香类药物沸后不可以超过10-15分钟,不然有效成分会挥发完;如果是补益类的中药,煎煮时间则应该在30分钟左右,但不宜时间再过长,避免药汁被药渣回吸收。

煎好的药物用纱布滤出药液后,将滤除的药材另加水煎煮一次。这次煎煮的时间可略短些。两次煎煮的药液混合后遵医嘱分2-3次服用。

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