龙卷风到底是怎么形成的?威力有多大?

2025-03-27 00:43:05
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

龙卷风一般形成于热力很不稳定的大气中,冷热交换空气剧烈对流造成了上升气流,当它被进一步加强时就会形成龙卷风。龙卷风的威力非常大,几乎席卷一切,把人和马匹吹到数公里以外、拔起大树只是小菜一碟,大的龙卷风能够把房子和大桥都卷走、把河水吸干。不过对于龙卷风形成的根本物理机制,科学家至今还没有了解透彻,而且自然界也存在雷电云和晚上没有强对流情况下发生的龙卷风。

形成龙卷风的4个阶段

按照现在普遍的观点,龙卷风形成有4个阶段。第一、不稳定的大气中由于对流产生了强烈上升气流,由于气流的相互作用影响,这种气流被逐渐加强;第二、由于气流在垂直方向上有切变和相互作用,这股上升气流在对流层中部发生旋转,并形成气旋;第三、随着中部气旋向上和向下发展,气旋会得到增强和变细,气旋的核心气流进一步加强,形成龙卷核心;第四、龙卷核心的强度越来越强,使龙卷的下部一直伸展到地面位置,此时会造成地面气压急速下降,迫使地面风速急速上升,最终形成一股旋转肆虐的龙卷风。

龙卷风的威力

按照龙卷风的强度和威力,目前将其分为5个级别。0级:风速约每小时105到137公里,这属于小龙卷,但也能够把树枝吹断,卷起地上一些小碎片把窗户玻璃打碎,有些人家里烟囱不牢固的也可能被吹断。1级:风速约每小时138到177公里,这种龙卷风就有一定伤害能力了,能够把活动板房吹倒,还能够吹走某些不牢固的屋顶,停在路边的小型汽车也会被移动或吹倒。2级:风速大约在178到217公里每小时,这样的龙卷风威力就很大了,但出现的几率不高,只有10.7%左右,能够把路边的大树连根拔起,也能把停放的货车推离路面。

龙卷风的强度

龙卷风3级:三级的龙卷风时速达到218到266公里,出现的几率只有3.4%,但威力奇大,摧毁房屋、把树木吹到天空都不算是个事,连沉重的火车都能吹离轨道,较重的汽车也能掀翻在地。4级:龙卷风风速为267到322公里每小时,这样的龙卷风威力就很吓人了,能够把大树拔起推上几百米的高空,牢固房子也会像塑料做的一样被夷为平地,汽车也会随风飞舞,出现概率只有0.7%。5级:风速为每小时322公里以上,这样的龙卷风能用疯狂来形容,因为不仅所有汽车和房屋会被刮得没影,连公路上的沥青油也会被卷走,地面上的火车列车将会被吹离地面。

回答2:

本节视频里我将带大家了解龙卷风形成的详细过程和龙卷的级别划分

回答3:

龙卷风是雷暴云的产物,虽然并不是所有的雷暴云都会产生龙卷风,但雷暴云却是龙卷风诞生的母体这个向上旋转的云柱就可以将地面的水、尘土、泥沙或物件等席卷而起,人也就是这样被卷起来的。

回答4:

大气的上升气流,经过旋转成气旋,地面上的气压下降,风速上升,形成了龙卷风,威力特别大。

回答5:

是因为大气不稳定性,产生强烈的上升气流。威力非常的大,破坏性也很强。

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