汉书 佞幸传 翻译,我的作业啊,因为找不到,希望各位哥哥姐姐叔叔阿姨们可以帮助我,在此谢谢了
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奇数段是原文 偶数段是译文
石显字君房,济南人(1);弘恭,沛人也(2)。皆少坐法腐刑,为中黄门(3),以选为中尚书(4)。宣帝时任中书官(5),恭明习法令故事,善为请奏,能称其职。恭为令(6),显为仆射(7)。元帝即位数年,恭死,显代为中书令。
(1)济南:邵名。治东平陵(在今山东章丘西北)。(2)沛:郡名。治相县(在今安徽淮北市西北)。(3)中黄门:宦官。(4)中尚书:官名。掌文书章奏。(5)中书:当作“中尚书”(宋祁说)。(6)令:指中书令。掌传宣诏命。(7)仆射:指中书仆射。中书令的副手。
是时,元帝被疾,不亲政事,方隆好于音乐,以显久典事,中人元外党(1),精专可信任,遂委以政。事无大小,因显白决(2),贵幸倾朝百僚皆敬事显。显为人巧慧习事,能探得人主微指,内深贼,持诡辩以中伤人(3),忤恨眶眦,辄被以危法(4)。初元中(5),前将军萧望之及光禄大夫周堪、宗正刘更生皆给事中(6)。望之领尚书事,知显专权邪辟(僻),建白以为(7)“尚书百官之本,国家枢机,宜以通明公正处之。武帝游宴后庭,故用宦者,非古制也。宜罢中书宦官,应古不近刑人(8)。”元帝不听,繇(由)是大与显忤。后皆害焉,望之自杀,堪、更生废锢(9),不得复进用,语在《望之传》。后太中大夫张猛、魏郡大守京房、御史中丞陈咸、待诏贾捐之皆尝奏封事(10),或召见,言显短。显求索其罪,房、捐之弃市,猛自杀于公车,咸抵罪,髠为城旦。及郑令苏建得显私书奏之(11),后以它事论死。自是公卿以下畏显,重足一迹(12)。
(1)中人无外党:竟谓宦官少骨肉之亲,无婚姻之家。(2)白决:报告决定。(3)诡辩:颠倒是非或似是而非的辩论。(4)被:加也。(5)初元:汉元帝年号,共五年(前48—前44)。(6)萧望之:本书有其传。刘更生:即刘向。本书卷三十六有其传。给事中:侍从皇帝左右。 (7)建白:提出建议的报告。(8)古不近刑人:《礼》有“刑人不在君侧”之说。(9)废锢:罢官后,不再任用。(10)张猛:张骞之孙。见《张骞传》。京房:本书卷七十五有其传。陈咸:本书卷六十六有其传。贾捐之:本书卷六十四下有其传。(11)苏建:本书卷五十四有其传。(12)重(chong)足一迹:迭足而立,不敢前进,极为恐惧貌。
显与中书仆射牢梁、少府五鹿充宗结为党友,诸附倚者皆得宠位。民歌之曰:“牢邪石邪,五鹿客邪!印何累累(1),缓若若邪(2)!”言其兼官据势也。
(1)印:指官印。累累:多貌。(2)绶:指印绶。若若:长而下垂貌。
显见左将军冯奉世父子为公卿著名(1),女又为昭仪在内(2),显心欲附之,荐言昭仪兄谒者造修敕宜侍帷幄(3)。天子召见,欲以为侍中(4),逡请间言事(5)。上闻逡言显颛(专)权,天子大怒,罢遣归郎官(6)。其后御史大夫缺,群臣皆举逡兄大鸿胪野王行能第一,天子以问显,显曰:“九卿无出野王者。然野王亲昭仪兄,臣恐后世必以陛下度越众贤,私后宫亲以为三公。”上曰:“善,吾不见是(7)。”乃下诏嘉美野王,废而不用,语在《野王传》(8)。
(1)冯奉世:本书有其传。(2)昭仪:妃嫔的称号。内:指宫内。(3)谒者:官名。属郎中令。冯逡:冯奉世之子。敕:严整。侍帷幄:指侍从天子。(4)侍中:官名。侍从天子,出入宫廷。(5)请间:要求个别谈话。(6)归郎官:谓仍为谒者。(7)不见是:言不见此理。(8)《野王传》本书卷七十九《冯奉世传附野王传》。
显内自知擅权事柄在掌握,恐天子一旦纳用左右耳目,有以间己(1),乃时归诚,取一信以为验(2)。显尝使至诸官有所征发,显先自白,恐后漏尽宫门闭,请使诏吏开门。上许之。显故投夜还,称诏开门人。后果有上书告显颛(专)命矫诏开宫门,天子闻之,笑以其书示显。显因位曰:“陛下过私小臣(3),属(嘱)任以事,群下无不嫉妒欲陷害臣者,事类如此非一,唯独明主知之。愚臣微贱,诚不能以一躯称快万众,任天下之怨(4),臣愿归枢机职,受后宫扫除之役,死无所恨,唯陛下哀怜财(裁)幸,以此全活小臣。”天子以为然而怜之,数劳勉显,加厚赏赐(5),赏赐及赂遗訾(资)一万万(6)。
(1)间:离间。(2)取一信以为验:谓取一实事以证左右所言之虚诬(吴恂说)。(3)过:犹“误”。(4)任:犹“当”。(5)加厚:此二字疑倒。(6)赂遗:指吏民赠送财物。
初,显闻众人匈匈(汹汹)(1),言己杀前将军萧望之。望之当世名儒,显恐天下学士姗(讪)己,病之。是时,明经著节士琅邪贡禹为谏大夫(2),显使人致意,深自结纳。显因荐禹天子,历位九卿,至御史大夫,礼事之甚备。议者于是称显,以为不妒谮望之矣。显之设变诈以自解免取信人主者,皆此类也。
(1)汹汹:扰攘不安貌。(2)贡禹:本书卷七十二有其传。
元帝晚节寝疾(1),定陶恭王爱幸,显拥佑太子颇有力。元帝崩,式帝初即位,迁显为长信中太仆(2),秩中二千石。显失倚,离权数月,丞相御史条奏显旧恶(3),及其党牢梁、陈顺皆免官。显与妻子徒归故郡(4),忧满不食,道病死。诸所交结,以显为官,皆废罢。少府五鹿充宗左迁玄菟太守,御史中丞伊嘉为雁门都尉。长安谣曰:“伊徙雁,鹿徙菟,去牢与陈实无贾(5)。”
(1)晚节:犹言晚年。(2)长信:宫名。太后所居。长信中太仆,掌太后车驾。(3)丞相御史:丞相匡衡,御史大夫张谭。(4)妻:指石显之妻。古时宦者往往有妻。(5)“伊徙雁”三句:此谣意谓伊嘉得为雁门都尉,五鹿充宗迁为玄菟太守;牢梁、陈顺二人皆免官而无求取。贾(gu):求取。
奇数段是原文 偶数段是译文
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