自己和他人噎食的急救方法有哪些

2025-04-04 12:17:23
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

对于一岁以下的婴幼儿,如果发生了气道异物梗阻的情况采用拍背的方式进行施救。
具体方法:将患儿的身体扶于施救者的前臂上,头部朝下,施救者用手支撑患儿头部及颈部;用另一手掌掌根在患儿背部两肩胛骨之间拍击5次。
如果按照上面的办法仍未排除,可再行5次压胸。
具体方法:使患儿平卧,面向上,躺在坚硬的地面或床板上,施救者跪下或立于其足侧,或取坐位,并使患儿骑在施救者的两大腿上,面朝前。施救者以两手的中指或食指,放在患儿胸廓下和脐上的腹部,快速向上重击压迫,但要刚中带柔。重复之,直至异物排出。
对于1岁以上的儿童,如果还没有失去意识,可以使用成人海氏手法来急救,如果失去意识就要进行胸部按压和人工呼吸。
海氏手法(适用于所有未丧失意识的气道梗阻患者,包括老人):施救者站在病人背后,用两手臂环绕病人的腰部,然后一手握拳,将拳头的拇指一侧放在病人胸廓下河脐上的腹部。再用另一手抓住拳头、快速向上重击压迫病人的腹部。重复以上手法直到异物排出。
气道梗阻自救:一手握空心拳放于脐上两横指处,另一手握住此拳快速有力向内向上冲击4-6次,或将上腹抵压在椅背等坚硬处,挤压4-6次,至异物排出。
对于孕妇和重度肥胖者,我们同样采取海氏手法来进行急救,只是位置要调整到胸部,两乳连线的中点。

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