职业教育学:什么是职业教育学,为什么它很重

2024-11-14 02:46:50
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

职业教育教学方法初探 教学质量涉及“教育理念、教学目标、课程内容、师资力量、教学方法和学员管理”等诸多方面。教学方法是课程内容、教学目标实现的重要手段,教学方法的选择和运用应与课程体系、教学模式、教学组织形式和谐、统一。职业教育也不例外。一、职业教育教学方法的现状我国职业教育起步较晚,仅20多年的历史。大多职业学校(院校)基本上从原有的中专、大专改名而成,仍沿用以往学历教育体制,虽然一直在尝试教育改革,但教学质量和人才培养远未适应社会经济发展的需求,毕业生就业率和就业质量更难获得用人单位、学生、学生家长的满意。职业学校的教学方法基本上与传统教学方法相同,存在以下突出的弊病:
1.未“以学生为主体”,忽视学生的主观能动性、创造性和自主性。
2.未“以能力为重点”,“填鸭式、满堂灌”的教学方法较为普遍,强调灌输忽视交流,虽然灌输了一些知识,但学生能力增长幅度小、增长速度慢。显然不能跟上“知识经济时代,知识不是生产力,运用知识的能力才是生产力”的步伐。
3.未“以内因为驱动”,强调外因忽视内因,强调制约忽视创新,既违背了外因通过内因起作用的基本规律,也束缚了学生的创造性。
显然,职业学校的教学方法的改革迫在眉睫! 二、职业教育的对象特点职业教育的教育对象培养的目标具有很强的针对性和方向性,从教育对象的特点、职业的特点、专业的特点、学生参与程度等因素入手,从培养的目标出发,是选择教学方法的基本标准。选择的教学方法必须首先考虑教育对象,职业学校教育对象的构成具有一定的特殊性,特别是相当一部分学生自律性差,学习习惯不好,但思维灵活,参与性强。通过教育培养,使其一般都能具备比较良好的道德品质和职业素养,比较专业的职业工作能力和较强的操作能力,具有比较高的综合素质,满足市场对复合型人才的要求。在实际教学过程中,职业学校的教师需要有意识的经常的让学生参与整个教学项目实施的全部过程,需要采取一些恰当、适合职业教育对象特点的教学方法,培养学生具有较强的参与意识,努力提高学生学习兴趣,营造活跃的课堂气氛,使职业教育学习的课堂更为生动、活跃,教学的效果更为显著,从而实现职业教育的教学目的,达到使学生愿学、会学、爱学、学好的效果。三、推荐有效的教学方法笔者总结长期高端IT职业培训教育实践经验,并借鉴其它教育同行的文献,推荐如下可有效运用于“技术技能、综合素质、职场实力”培养的教学方法。既可供教育机构参考,也可作为学生在选择学校时的参考。

1、3W1H教学法:教师在讲解每个知识点时,详细讲解清楚:Why,为什么要讲解该知识点;What,该知识点是什么;Where,该知识点用在何处;How,该知识点如何用。当学生明白了这4点后,可提升学生的学习兴趣和将知识点运用于实践中的兴趣,并通过实践中的运用,进一步加深对知识点的记忆、理解、运用,形成良性学习——实践——学习循环。2、示范指导教学法:利用现场直

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