《采桑子》欧阳修练习及答案

2025-02-24 15:55:51
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

【评解】

这是词人晚年退居颍州时写的十首《采桑子》中的第四首,抒写了作者寄情湖山的
情怀。虽写残春景色,却无伤春之感,而是以疏淡轻快的笔墨描绘了颍州西湖的暮春景
色,创造出一种清幽静谧的艺术境界。而词人的安闲自适,也就在这种境界中自然地表
现出来。情景交融,真切动人。词中很少修饰,特别是前后两结,纯用白描,却颇耐寻
味。

【集评】

刘永济《词论》:小令尤以结语取重,必通首蓄意、蓄势,于结句得之,自然有神
韵。如永叔《采桑子》前结“垂柳阑干尽日风”,后结“双燕归来细雨中”,神味至永,
盖芳歇红残,人去春空,皆喧极归寂之语,而此二句则至寂之境,一路说来,便觉至寂
之中,真味无穷,辞意高绝。
唐圭璋《唐宋词简释》:此首上片言游冶之盛,下片言人去之静。
通篇于景中见情,文字极疏隽。风光之好,太守之适,并可想象而知也。
俞陛云《唐五代两宋词选释》:西湖在宋时,极游观之盛。此词独写静境,别有意
味。
-----------------------------
这首词是作者颖州西湖组词《采桑子》十首中的第四首。词中描写了颖州西湖暮春时节静谧清疏洒的风姿。作者以诗为词,将西湖清空幽寂的春末境界表现得优美可爱,体现了对大自然和现实人生的无限热爱和眷恋。
上片描写群芳凋谢后西湖的恬静清幽之美。首句是全词的纲领 ,由此引出“群芳过后”的西湖景象,及词人从中领悟到的“好”的意味。“狼藉”、“飞絮”二句写落红零乱满地、翠柳柔条斜拂于春风中的姿态。以上数句,通过落花、飞絮、垂柳等意象,描摹出一幅清疏淡远的暮春图景。
下片“ 笙歌散尽 ”,虚写出过去湖上游乐的盛况;“游人去始觉春空”,点明从上面三句景象所产生的感觉,道出了作者的复杂微妙的心境。“始觉”是顿悟之辞,这两句是从繁华喧闹消失后清醒过来的感觉,繁华喧闹消失,既觉有所失的空虚,又觉获得宁静的畅适。首句说的“好”即是从这后一种感觉产生,只有基于这种心理感觉,才可解释认为“狼藉残红”三句所写景象的“好”之所在。
最后二句,写室内景,以人物动态描写与自然景物映衬相结合,表达出作者恬适淡泊的胸襟。末两句是倒装 ,本是开帘待燕 ,“双燕归来”才“垂下帘拢”。结句“双燕归来细雨中”,意蕴含蓄委婉,以细雨衬托春空之后的清寂气氛,又以双燕飞归制造出轻灵、欢娱的意境。
这首词通篇写景,不带明显的主观感情色彩,却从字里行间婉曲地显露出作者的旷达胸怀和恬淡心境。
作者写西湖美景 ,动静交错,以动显静,意脉贯串,层次井然,显示出不凡的艺术功力。
西湖花时过后 ,群芳凋零 ,残红狼藉。常人对此 ,当觉索然无味 ,而作者却面对这种“匆匆春又去”的衰残景象,不但不感伤,反而在孤寂清冷中体味出安宁静谧的美趣。这种春空之后的闲淡胸怀,这种别具一格的审美感受,正是此词有异于一般咏春词的独到之处。

回答2:

采桑子,又名丑奴儿令、罗敷艳歌、罗敷媚。唐教坊大曲有《杨下采桑》,南卓《羯鼓乐》作《凉下采桑》,属“太簇角”。此双调小令,就大曲中截取一段为之。《尊前集》注“羽调”。《张子野词》入“双调”。双调44字,上下阙各四句三平韵。别有添字格,两结句各添二字,两平韵,一叠韵。

回答3:

欧阳修写了很多采桑子,你具体指的哪一首?

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