古代记载历史的人叫什么?

2025-03-25 04:43:51
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

中国历代均设置专门记录和编撰历史的官职,统称史官。

史官为我国历代设置专门记录及编撰历史官职之统称。要谈史官,必须从史说起。所谓史,《说文解字》:史,记事者也。从又持中。中,正也。

史本来就是事件记录者,中指的是立场中立不偏不倚。官府专设职务之后,任职者为史官,故历来有官史、野史之别,官史粉饰者,野史明言之。稗官野史常具补充正史之效。正史罹篡改之时,民间记述之文本更显弥足珍贵。

扩展资料

历朝历代均设有史官之职,对史官之称谓与分类多不相同,主要可分为记录类与编纂类二者。史官出现伊始及其发展过程中,长期二者不大分别,后来演化出专门负责记录之起居注史官及史馆史官,前者随侍皇帝左右,记录皇帝的言行与政务得失,而皇帝不得阅读此记录内容。

后者专门编纂前代王朝之官方历史。没有文字之古代,现任史官只得自前任史官口授习得历史,此过程易产生纰漏与扭曲,故记述之准确度与史官之学识、人品有莫大之关系。

参考资料来源:百度百科-史官

回答2:

楼上胡说!

中国历代均设置专门记录和编撰历史的官职,统称史官。各朝对史官的称谓与分类多不相同,但主要的可以分类记录类和编纂类两者。史官刚刚出现的时候以及发展过程中的很长时间,这两者是不大分别的,后来演化出专门负责记录的起居注史官和史馆史官,前者随侍皇帝左右,记录皇帝的言行与政务得失,皇帝不能阅读这些记录内容,后者专门编纂前代王朝的官方历史。

司马迁不说了,崔杼弑君斩史官是著名的案例,可以看到古代史官的刚直不阿精神。大致讲:
齐庄公贪恋大夫崔杼之妻棠姜的美色,偷偷地与其私通,一来二往,就被崔杼发觉,但碍于庄公是自己的主子,崔杼一时无法动怒。然而,他无时不在寻找报复的机会。
齐邻国莒国黎比公前来拜访,庄公设宴招待。崔杼认为报杀庄公的时机到了,假称生病不去赴宴,却在家里精心策划一场捉奸弑君的计谋。而好色的庄公也认为这是与棠姜幽会的好机会,就早早地离开了宴席,只带上几个护卫人员,便急促地赶到崔杼家。他让护卫呆在外屋,自己径直地进入棠姜的卧房,见棠姜迟迟未出来,痴情的庄公竟吟颂起情歌来。正当棠姜翩翩而出、庄公激情澎湃时,崔杼一声令下,众杀手一拥而出,把庄公及其护卫斩尽杀绝。
齐国太史公如实记载了这件事,崔杼心怒,杀了太史。太史的二个弟弟也如实记载,都被崔杼杀了。崔杼告诉太史第三个弟弟说“你三个哥哥都死了,你难道不怕死吗?你还是按我的要求:把庄公之死写成得暴病而死来写吧”,太史弟弟正色回答“据事直书,是史官的职责,失职求生,不如去死。你做的这件事,迟早会被大家知道的,我既使不写,也掩盖不了你的罪责,反而成为千古笑柄”。崔杼无话可说,只得放了他。太史弟弟走出来,正遇到南史公执简而来,南史公以为他也被杀了,是来继续实写这事的。

回答3:

史官、书记

这些人如果是官方御用,其记载的历史往往随统治者进行修改,他们笔下的历史也是进行“润色”的历史,在中国大部分史书如此,又政府组织大量人力物力编纂和修改。

当然也有部分“独立创造者”或者和当局对着干的笔杆子,那么他们往往会受到迫害,(如司马迁),当然有可能其作品在当朝当代也会被禁,不过改朝换代以后也可能“解禁”

古代读书人有脾气的大有人在,朝闻道夕可死,用他们人生的悲剧往往也铸就了后世的流放。价值观取向问题(这个是个人认为)

回答4:

隋以前叫太史令。隋以后就没有专门的史官了。
你糊涂了吧?他们只为前代修史,为本朝嘛,呵呵。不多。有一个司马迁,还被阉了。

回答5:

史官
纣王暴戾到周文王周武王用暴力来反他的地步 一个史官写书反他也就不足为奇了
况且史官一般都是记载前朝之前的事吧

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